印度青年面臨就業(yè)危機：印度IT行業(yè)的收入能與歐洲持平？
India’s Youths Face Job Crisis: Can They Achieve Their Dreams? | Young Dreams In A New India
譯文簡介
我們探討了印度青年面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，他們占印度人口的很大一部分，是經(jīng)濟增長和社會進步的重要機遇。盡管他們有著遠大的抱負(fù)，但許多印度年輕人卻面臨著失業(yè)和就業(yè)不足的問題，這導(dǎo)致了他們的挫敗感和幻滅感。
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印度青年面臨就業(yè)危機：印度IT行業(yè)的收入能與歐洲持平？
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We explore the challenges faced by India's youth, who comprise a significant portion of the population and represent a substantial opportunity for economic growth and social progress. Despite their high aspirations, many young Indians are confronted with unemployment and underemployment, leading to frustration and disillusionment. Through personal stories and expert insights, we examine the social instability caused by this crisis, highlighted by protests and riots over job quotas. It also showcases how some young Indians are overcoming these obstacles.
我們探討了印度青年面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，他們占印度人口的很大一部分，是經(jīng)濟增長和社會進步的重要機遇。盡管他們有著遠大的抱負(fù)，但許多印度年輕人卻面臨著失業(yè)和就業(yè)不足的問題，這導(dǎo)致了他們的挫敗感和幻滅感。通過個人故事和專家見解，我們審視了這場危機所引發(fā)的社會不穩(wěn)定，其中因就業(yè)配額而引發(fā)的抗議和騷亂尤為突出。同時也展示了一些印度年輕人是如何克服這些障礙的。
My country need a revolution ??, in india curuntly no one is happy.
Not farmer, not doctor,not workers, not students', only rich people are happy in so called modern india ,
我的國家需要一場革命，目前在印度，沒有人是幸福的。
農(nóng)民、醫(yī)生、工人、學(xué)生都不幸福，在所謂的現(xiàn)代印度，只有富人才幸福。
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It's not true , everything is changing,income of normal Indian's are now increasing
這不是真的，一切都在改變，普通印度人的收入正在增加。
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If you were born to a poor family, you are destined to have less privileges in life. The inequality is so severe that even thinking about it is useless.
如果你出生在一個貧窮的家庭，那么你的生活就注定不會那么優(yōu)越。這種不平等如此嚴(yán)重，以至于連想都沒用。
Not really, because I've seen domestic helps son grow in very terrible housing conditions, he grew up to do CS from private engineering college got a SE job in TCS us doing well.
But the private college fees were financed by well wishers, they didn't have a penny so our number 1 priority is to loft poverty so that people can invest in health and education but politics is based on religion and caste
不盡然，因為我見過家政服務(wù)人員的兒子在非常糟糕的住房條件下長大，他長大后在私立工程學(xué)院攻讀計算機科，在TCS找到了一份SE工作并干得不錯。
但上私立大學(xué)的學(xué)費是由好心人資助的，因為他們沒有一分錢，所以我們的首要任務(wù)是消除貧困，這樣人們就可以投資于健康和教育，但印度的政治是基于宗教和種姓的。
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Even in China, young people cannot find a job. India is poorer and has a larger population than China, so it is difficult to get a job
即使在中國，年輕人也找不到工作。印度比中國窮，人口比中國多，所以很難找到工作。
Interesting, how he feels ashamed to face his father. His parents MADE him! It's their job to raise him. Also: THEY won't feel ashamed to live off HIS hard work once he gets a job. After all...that's why they had him in the first place...as a good little live insurance!
有趣的是，他覺得無顏面對父親。是他的父母造就了他！養(yǎng)育他是他們的責(zé)任。還有，一旦他找到工作，他們就不會覺得靠他的辛勤勞動生活是件羞恥的事。畢竟......這也是他們當(dāng)初生他的原因......作為一份不錯的小生命保險！
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In the subcontinent, a successful son/daughter is the ultimate livable insurance a family can hold. Those who said parents' love is unconditional, they need to hear from the hearts of those failed aspirants.
在次大陸，一個成功的兒子/女兒是一個家庭可以擁有的終極生存保障。那些說父母的愛是無條件的人，他們需要聽聽那些失敗者的心聲。
I will never understand why people who can't afford nutrious food also get married and make children.
我永遠不明白，為什么吃不起營養(yǎng)餐的人也要結(jié)婚生子。
The reason they believe is having more children means more people to work in the family and more money to come in the family. If I have 7 children and each of them earns 5 dollar per Dat then at the end of the day I'll have 35 dollars which is enough for the family to live.
As time goes if they earn or get a job more and more money will come into the family.
The people of bihar mainly depends on marriage money so if I have 7 male child in my family and if all of them do good job then atleast the family will land up with more than 30 lakh rupees, if all of them have government job then the family will become a millionaire.
It's all about the money that each son will earn, the more son the more money. That is why in bihar villages everybody ask to have more and more babies the more you have the more you are blessed and more your family will flourish so people make as much babies they want.
他們認(rèn)為多生孩子意味著家里有更多的人工作，家里就會有更多的錢。如果我有 7 個孩子，他們每人每天能掙 5 美元，那么一天下來我就有 35 美元，足夠一家人生活。
隨著時間的推移，如果他們掙錢或找到工作，家里就會有越來越多的錢。
比哈爾邦人主要靠婚姻賺錢，如果我家里有 7 個男孩，如果他們都能找到好工作，那么家里至少會有 30 多萬盧比，如果他們都有政府工作，那么家里就會成為百萬富翁。
這一切都取決于每個兒子能賺多少錢，兒子越多，錢就越多，這就是為什么在比哈爾邦的村莊里，每個人都要求生更多的孩子的原因，生得越多就越有福氣，家庭就越興旺，所以人們想生多少就生多少。
I'm Brazilian and in my country reality is not much different. More than 20 years ago most public were privatized, and the promise was that private sector would pay better wages. But what happened was the contrary. Companies downsized and outsourced. Today the reality is the "precarization" of jobs. It simply is not worth spending five in faculty to work in the private sector.
我是巴西人，在我的國家，現(xiàn)實情況并沒有什么不同。20多年前，大多數(shù)公共機構(gòu)被私有化，當(dāng)時的承諾是私營部門將支付更高的工資。但事實恰恰相反，公司縮減規(guī)模并實行外包。如今的現(xiàn)實是工作崗位的“不穩(wěn)定化”，根本不值得花5年的時間去私營部門工作。
@ellenrogers2555 Brazil Per capita (PPP) is 21k while India Per capita PPP is 11k, yep there is difference.
But In India women participation is very small compared to Brazil. So that makes average wages in both countries nearly the same.
The key difference between two countries is class divide.
In the Indian IT industry the entry level pay is comparable to Europe's average pay in terms of PPP, also India has extreme poverty of nearly 5% who is in conditions like sub-sharan Africa.
Brazil lacks both IT class and extreme poverty class.
But for average it's nearly the same.
Also India is growing at 7-8% while Brazil's growth is only around 3%, so this per capita PPP gap is minimised in the near future.
@ellenrogers2555 巴西的人均收入（購買力平價）是2.1萬美元，而印度的人均收入（購買力平價）是1.1萬美元。
但與巴西相比，印度婦女的勞動參與率非常低。因此，兩國的平均工資幾乎相同。
兩國的主要區(qū)別在于階級劃分。
按購買力平價計算，印度IT行業(yè)的入門級工資與歐洲的平均工資相當(dāng)，而且印度有近5%的極端貧困人口，他們的生活條件與非洲撒哈拉以南地區(qū)類似。
巴西既沒有信息技術(shù)階層，也沒有極端貧困階層。
但兩國的平均水平幾乎相同。
此外，印度的增長率為7%-8%，而巴西的增長率僅為3%左右，因此在不久的將來，兩國人均購買力平價的差距會被縮小到最小。
@ashutoshjha225 India's IT industry's entry level pay is average of Europe's ???? Are you sure ? IT entry level Salaries have not changed since 2000 and did not keep up with inflation. You will struggle to survive with such salaries while working in a city , unless you have an apartment of your own which most don't have.
@ashutoshjha225 印度IT行業(yè)的入門級薪酬是歐洲的平均水平???? 你確定嗎？自2000年以來，IT行業(yè)的入門級薪資一直沒有變化，也沒有跟上通貨膨脹的步伐。除非你有自己的公寓，而大多數(shù)人都沒有。
@ashutoshjha225 Also India's PPP per capita income is 11K, while Brazil's is 22K as per IMF. not sure where you get your information from
@ashutoshjha225 另外，印度的購買力平價人均收入是1.1萬美元，而巴西的購買力平價人均收入是2.2萬美元。
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@Meowie765 India Average entry level salary in IT is around 6-7 lakh equivalent to $9,000 or $36000(PPP). Most Western European countries like Italy, Portugal & Spain have similar GDP(PPP) per capita then this.
Also the term average doesn't mean worse, it's true that entry level on Infosys is 3.5 or like that, but they all introduced various levels of segment of pay based on skill, or there are many product based companies who pay above 20lakh to freshers. So the average is around 7lpa or 36-40k(PPP).
Yep Brazil per capita is higher than India but that doesn't convert to its wage. India has a very low female participation rate which decreased the per capita of India significantly. Therefore I used the term average wages not average per capita.
@Meowie765 印度IT行業(yè)的平均入門工資約為60-70萬盧比，相當(dāng)于9000美元或36000美元（購買力平價）。意大利、葡萄牙和西班牙等大多數(shù)西歐國家的人均 GDP（購買力平價）與此相近。
此外，“平均”一詞并不意味著更差，Infosys公司的入職級別確實是35萬盧比或類似的水平，但他們都根據(jù)技能引入了不同級別的薪資段，也有許多產(chǎn)品型公司向應(yīng)屆生支付超過20萬的薪資。因此，平均工資約為70萬盧比或36000-40000美元（購買力平價）。
沒錯，巴西的人均工資比印度高，但這并不能換算成印度的工資。印度的女性勞動參與率非常低，這大大降低了印度的人均水平。因此，我用的是平均工資而不是人均工資。
Same in the UK, Thatcher said privatization and austerity would help the country, and now cities and towns are falling apart, many are just outright abandoned, people are becoming very poor, there's no work, no industrial capacity, prices of goods have tripled, crime has tripled. It's just so depressing.
在英國也是一樣，撒切爾說私有化和緊縮政策會幫助國家，而現(xiàn)在城市和鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)正在分崩離析，很多地方直接被遺棄，人們變得非常貧窮，沒有工作，沒有工業(yè)能力，商品價格翻了三倍，犯罪率也翻了三倍。這太令人沮喪了。
The situation is similar to my country Indonesia which most of young people want to get government jobs. government jobs offer good salary, stability and safety net which are lacking in developing countries, also industrialization is still behind so other option if u failed make it to government jobs is to build informal small bussiness which very prone to failing. I think it can be the same all across developing countries as well
政府工作提供了高薪、穩(wěn)定和安全網(wǎng)，這些都是發(fā)展中國家所缺乏的，而且工業(yè)化還很落后，所以如果你不能進入政府工作，另一個選擇就是建立非正規(guī)的小企業(yè)，這很容易失敗。我認(rèn)為所有發(fā)展中國家的情況都是一樣的。
Why do people in most poor and developing countries keep having babies? And you wonder why it's hard to get a job? Meanwhile high quality countries like japan don't want to have kids.
Why is it always the low quality ones that's available the most?
為什么大多數(shù)貧窮和發(fā)展中國家的人總是不停地生孩子？你想知道為什么很難找到工作嗎？與此同時，像日本這樣的高素質(zhì)國家卻不想要孩子。
為什么總是低質(zhì)量的人的孩子最多？
..At least 200 people are competing for one private job which gives just 25k.
Automation, AI, climate change are serious issues. Indeed 50% of the jobs might be gone by 2034.
Our underground water is critically low. 70% of agricultural needs are met from underground water.
India cannot feed 1.5 billion in the upcoming years. Can't you see every year is getting hotter because of humans?
Wayanad landslides happened because of over population. Wayanad lost 88% of its forest cover from independence due to greed of humans.
India lost more than 50% of its forest covers from independence due to over population.
There are 51 million pending cases in Indian courts as there are too many cases and very few courts.
All cities & towns will not have water to flush out the commode for about 3 months in a year by 2030.
70% people born between 2003 to 2033 will be unemployed forever, rest will be working for very low wages and can never retire. Only 5% will have good incomes. People have to work for 14 hours a day just to have basic needs.
90% of the students studying in schools colleges and unemployed will be under huge stress as there are no jobs and food prices will sky rocket.
30 to 50% of the population will be unmarried by 2040.
Government will cut down free rations, most of the freebies will be gone as debts of the country will be huge.
India can develop only after population goes back to 30cr ( may be in 2100
......至少有 200 人在競爭一份薪水只有25000盧比的私企工作。
自動化、人工智能、氣候變化都是嚴(yán)重的問題。事實上，到 2034 年，50% 的工作崗位可能會消失。
我們的地下水嚴(yán)重不足，70%的農(nóng)業(yè)需求來自地下水。
印度無法在未來幾年養(yǎng)活15億人。難道你們沒看到由于人類的存在，每年的氣溫都在升高嗎？
Wayanad山體滑坡的發(fā)生就是因為人口過剩。由于人類的貪婪，Wayanad從獨立之初就失去了88%的森林覆蓋率。
由于人口過剩，印度自獨立以來喪失了50%以上的森林覆蓋率。
印度法院有5100萬起未決案件，因為案件太多，法院太少。
到2030年，所有城鎮(zhèn)每年將有3個月沒有水沖洗廁所。
70%出生于2003年至2033年的人將永遠失業(yè)，其余的人將為極低的工資工作，永遠無法退休。只有5%的人收入豐厚。人們每天要工作14個小時才能滿足基本需求。
90%的在校大學(xué)生和失業(yè)者將面臨巨大壓力，因為沒有工作，食品價格將直線上升。
到2040年，30%-50%的人口將未婚。
政府將削減免費口糧，大部分免費福利將消失，因為國家將背負(fù)巨額債務(wù)。
印度只有在人口達到30億（可能是2100年）后才能發(fā)展。
You Just Predicted Each Citizens Future & UPSC Might Not have the Limelight After Maybe 2030 as the Task's might be taken over by AI - PM is already started it in Few Dept's but since we are a Country of 1.4 B - there might not be high govt Job Vacancies but limited seat's in the Future
this is ???? " 70% people born between 2003 to 2033 will be unemployed forever "
30 to 50% of the population will be unmarried by 2040 - Gen Z is hugely Worst than Gutter
Government will cut down free rations, most of the freebies will be gone as debts of the country will be huge - True Guru
你剛剛預(yù)測了每個公民的未來，也許2030年后，印度公務(wù)員考試就不會再風(fēng)光了，因為工作可能會被人工智能接管--總理已經(jīng)在少數(shù)部門開始這樣做了，但由于我們是一個擁有 14 億人口的國家--未來政府職位空缺可能不會很多，但席位有限。
“2003 年至 2033 年出生的人中的 70% 將永遠失業(yè)”。
到 2040 年，30%-50% 的人口將未婚--Z世代比貧民窟里的人更糟糕。
政府將削減免費口糧，大部分免費贈品將消失，因為國家將背負(fù)巨額債務(wù) - 真相大師
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Imagine...such huge population migrating to other parts and competing for jobs there.
想象一下......如此龐大的人口遷徙到其他地方并在那里競爭工作。
The whole world is crying, i randomly met a Ukrainian merchant baby chap in Egypt of all places telling me stop having babies, indians are ready to work longer for lesser salary in the merchant navy and he was complaining how he can't handle one baby that so many in India under middle class are still popping three
整個世界都在哭泣，我在埃及偶然遇到了一個烏克蘭商人，他告訴我不要再生小孩了，印度人已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好在商船隊中為更低的薪水工作更長的時間了。他卻在抱怨自己一個孩子都養(yǎng)不活，而印度中產(chǎn)階級以下的很多人還在生三個孩子。
India is facing problems which Singapore faced when it left the Malaysian Federation back in 1965. What India lack is simple, it doesn't have one thing that Singapore is well blessed with..
Lee Kuan Yew
印度正面臨著新加坡在 1965 年脫離馬來西亞聯(lián)邦時所面臨的問題。印度缺乏的東西很簡單，它沒有新加坡所擁有的得天獨厚的東西。
李光耀
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Lew Kuan Yew himself said that even he cannot make India like Singapore. Moreover my home district in India is 3 times bigger than Singapore. He also mentioned the issues with India and it has nothing to do with people or country. Issues he mentioned were a lot of ethnicity, huge land area, multiple language speakers etc He said India is India and it’ll take its own sweet time to develop and once it developed it’ll be nation with great power and huge potential. You can search about it in YouTube.
李光耀自己也說過，即使是他也無法把印度變成新加坡那樣。此外，我在印度的家鄉(xiāng)比新加坡大三倍。他還提到了印度的問題，這些問題與人民或國家無關(guān)。他說，印度就是印度，它需要自己的時間來發(fā)展，一旦發(fā)展起來，它將成為一個擁有強大實力和巨大潛力的國家。您可以在 YouTube 上搜索相關(guān)內(nèi)容。
This is the sad reality in India. Unemployment is extremely low in India ( as per recent ILO statistics 3.5 percent ) because most of the job aspirants after not finding jobs give up and drop out of the job market. They end up becoming self employed but unfortunately being self employed is not productive and they don't earn enough to make ends meet. Our young population are leading unproductive lives and soon age will set in. Time is running out.
這就是印度的悲慘現(xiàn)實。印度的失業(yè)率非常低（根據(jù)國際勞工組織最近的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)，僅為 3.5%），因為大多數(shù)求職者在找不到工作后就放棄并退出了就業(yè)市場。他們最終成為自營職業(yè)者，但不幸的是自營職業(yè)者并不具有生產(chǎn)力，他們賺不到足夠的錢來維持生計。我們的年輕人過著沒有生產(chǎn)力的生活，很快就會步入老年。時間不多了。
India is a highly expanded bubble waiting to burst someday. The prices are soaring esp the asset creation like land, houses, gold etc but the wages are stagnant. The inflation esp food is highly varying. The rent is so high for very less sq. feet. And whole India has only 30000 people earning more than 10C per year. There is monetary divide. Corruption every year is almost = $11b, but it will be too high than this because india has all forms of corruption and corruption even to make the government functionaries work.
印度是一個高度膨脹的泡沫，總有一天會破滅。這里物價飛漲，尤其是土地、房屋、黃金等資產(chǎn)，但工資卻停滯不前。通貨膨脹（尤其是食品）變化很大，面積很小的房子租金卻很高。全印度只有 30000 人年收入超過1億盧比，這就是收入鴻溝。印度每年的腐敗金額幾乎=110億美元，但這一數(shù)字還會更高，因為印度存在各種形式的腐敗，甚至存在為了讓政府官員工作而進行的腐敗。
Where are the so called Proud Indians.. Vishwaguru Preachers ??
This is the reality we live in...
There is a saying about India which goes "Whatever you say about India, the Opposite is also True. "
If there are Rich, there are also the very very poor. Infact 92% of india is not rich.
To Solve a problem you need to first acknowledge that there is a problem within. But today's youth is so satisfied with the government and don't highlight these issues nationally. Cuz they're happy with the situation they're living in. Accepting the reality. Also Religion has taken centre stage ?? It's sad but it's true.
所謂的驕傲的印度人在哪里？
這就是我們生活的現(xiàn)實...
關(guān)于印度，有這樣一句諺語："無論你說印度什么，反過來也是真的?！?br /> 印度有富人，也有窮人。事實上，92%的印度人并不富裕。
要解決問題，首先要承認(rèn)內(nèi)部存在問題，但現(xiàn)在的年輕人對政府非常滿意，不會在全國范圍內(nèi)強調(diào)這些問題，因為他們對自己的生活現(xiàn)狀很滿意，他們接受現(xiàn)實，宗教也占據(jù)了中心位置，這很可悲，但這是事實。
so India's unemployment rate is 7,8%, the population is 1,45 billion, so there are around 113 million unemployed in there.
how in the world they can solve that?
印度的失業(yè)率為 7.8%，而總?cè)丝跒?14.5 億，因此失業(yè)人口約為 1.13 億。
他們到底是怎么解決這個問題的？
I am from Bangladesh. The same situation is going on here. Government jobs have become the most demandable jobs in Bangladesh as well. Government jobs mean security, getting married a beautiful wife, respect and prosperity. I have completed my graduation and post-graduation in 2020 and 2021 respectively, still waiting and trying hard to get a govt job. Someday I will achieve it or not, life must go on. However, this kind of perspective on government jobs must be eradicated from society which creates a lot of depression and frustration among the young job seekers.
Best wishes for the government jobs seekers community.
我來自孟加拉國。這里的情況也是如此。在孟加拉國，政府工作也已成為最受歡迎的工作。政府工作意味著安全、娶到漂亮的妻子、受人尊敬和富裕。我已經(jīng)分別于 2020 年和 2021 年完成了畢業(yè)和研究生課程，但現(xiàn)在仍在等待并努力爭取一份政府工作。不管有沒有實現(xiàn)的一天，生活總要繼續(xù)。然而，社會上必須杜絕對政府工作的這種看法，因為它給年輕的求職者造成了很多壓抑和挫敗感。
祝愿政府工作求職者群體一切順利。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://m.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處
My question China pushed low wage manufacturing jobs at their population peak to become somewhat wealthy why isn’t India do the same? All these degrees will not get India anywhere.
我的問題是中國在人口高峰期大力發(fā)展低工資的制造業(yè)，從而變得富裕起來，為什么印度不這樣做呢？所有這些學(xué)位不會給印度帶來任何好處。
That’s a lost opportunity..now no more cheap labor in China..also they have moved towards automation & in India the ultra rich who hold 90% of the wealth, will acquire machines from China if they happen to set up a factory for manufacturing but won’t pay/hire laborers!
在印度，擁有90%財富的超級富豪會從中國購買機器，如果他們碰巧建立了一家制造工廠，但他們不會支付/雇傭工人！
Those days are gone with automation now, the late 80s during the NAFTA trade agreements was India's chance for that, however now, its skilled workers that matter in factories.
自動化已經(jīng)讓那個時代一去不復(fù)返了，上世紀(jì) 80 年代末北美自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定期間是印度的機會，但現(xiàn)在，工廠里的熟練工人才是最重要的。
Land acquisition is very difficult here, People are too attached to their useless farm land, they reluctant to provide it to a private entity to set up a factory.
在這里，土地征用非常困難，人們太留戀自己無用的農(nóng)田，不愿意將其提供給私營企業(yè)建立工廠。
The gov makes manufacturing impossible here, with all its rules and regulations. Its service sector where money is in India. Its mostly gov fault they don't want country to grow.
政府的條條框框讓這里的制造業(yè)無法發(fā)展。在印度，服務(wù)業(yè)才是賺錢的地方。這主要是政府的錯，他們不想讓國家發(fā)展。