作為黑人女性在中國(guó)的經(jīng)歷？
Experience in China as a Black Woman?
譯文簡(jiǎn)介
昨天我在 r/China 上問(wèn)了這個(gè)問(wèn)題，得到的回復(fù)大多令人沮喪。
正文翻譯
Experience in China as a Black Woman?
作為黑人女性在中國(guó)的經(jīng)歷？
作為黑人女性在中國(guó)的經(jīng)歷？
評(píng)論翻譯
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Is it easy to make friends? Will people take photos of me without my permission? Will I be able to go outside in peace?
昨天我在 r/China 上問(wèn)了這個(gè)問(wèn)題，得到的回復(fù)大多令人沮喪。有些人讓我在這里問(wèn)，所以我就來(lái)了。我真的很想知道，作為一個(gè)黑人女性來(lái)中國(guó)旅游是什么感覺(jué)。主要是在上海和重慶。我想在不久的將來(lái)去上海留學(xué)，但我擔(dān)心會(huì)受到歧視，感到孤立無(wú)援。我希望得到殘酷的真相，因?yàn)橐坏┪业搅四抢?，就不能隨便回國(guó)，我會(huì)在那里呆上一整個(gè)學(xué)期。
交朋友容易嗎？人們會(huì)未經(jīng)我的允許給我拍照嗎？我可以安靜地出門(mén)嗎？
I’m a black woman in Shanghai, literally just moved a few weeks ago from the U.S. We also went on a house hunting trip in June for a week before moving in late July.
People have been friendly and I haven’t felt unwelcome anywhere. I’ve had one occurrence of someone aggressively wanting a picture with me but I think that’s more about the novelty of it. People stare but that’s cultural. My (white) husband gets stared at too.
My son is the only black kid in his grade but he has had no problem making friends. There are a few black teachers at my son’s school. I’ve spoken to them about racism and they’ve had a similar experience. The vast majority of Chinese people you encounter will be cool and you shouldn’t have problems in more multicultural schools and workplaces.
The pros outweigh the cons so far. There is virtually no risk of police brutality (and the police I’ve encountered have been super friendly and helpful). Physical and property safety is like nothing I’ve experienced back home.
At the end of the day, negative racialized experiences can happen anywhere. For example, I loved Italy but have had black friends who reported terrible interactions with locals. You just need to go with an open mind and see for yourself how you get on.
我是一名在上海的黑人婦女，幾周前剛從美國(guó)搬來(lái)。我們?cè)诹路葸M(jìn)行了為期一周的看房之旅，然后在七月底搬進(jìn)來(lái)。
人們都很友好，我在任何地方都沒(méi)有感到不受歡迎。我遇到過(guò)一次有人強(qiáng)烈想和我合影，但我認(rèn)為這更多是因?yàn)樾缕娓?。人們?huì)盯著我看，但這屬于文化差異。我的（白人）丈夫也會(huì)被盯著看。
我兒子是他年級(jí)里唯一的黑人孩子，但他交朋友沒(méi)有任何問(wèn)題。學(xué)校里有幾位黑人老師。我和他們談過(guò)種族主義的問(wèn)題，他們的經(jīng)歷和我類(lèi)似。你遇到的絕大多數(shù)中國(guó)人都很酷，在多元文化的學(xué)校和工作場(chǎng)所應(yīng)該不會(huì)遇到什么問(wèn)題。
到目前為止，優(yōu)點(diǎn)大于缺點(diǎn)。幾乎沒(méi)有警察暴力的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)（我遇到的警察都非常友好和樂(lè)于助人）。身體和財(cái)產(chǎn)的安全感與我在家鄉(xiāng)的經(jīng)歷截然不同。
歸根結(jié)底，負(fù)面的種族化經(jīng)歷可能在任何地方發(fā)生。例如，我喜歡意大利，但有一些黑人朋友曾報(bào)告與當(dāng)?shù)厝擞羞^(guò)糟糕的互動(dòng)。你只需要帶著開(kāi)放的心態(tài)去，自己看看會(huì)有怎樣的體驗(yàn)。
As a pure Chinese living in Shanghai, I can provide you two cases (hope I won't lose my reddit account for talking this):
Nobody, or very rare people will hate you just because of your skin color. Most people care about money, not what you look like.
When some Chinese companies want to hire a foreigner, they can even directly tell you: "You're black, but we want white". Such kind of attitudes is a no-need-to-hide thing in China. But the internal reason is: these companies simply think "white" skin can help making advertising for their company. It's never about the racist itself. See? It's still about the money.
作為一個(gè)生活在上海的純正中國(guó)人，我可以為你提供兩個(gè)案例（希望我不會(huì)因?yàn)檎f(shuō)了這些而丟掉我的 reddit 賬號(hào)）：
1. 沒(méi)有人或極少數(shù)人會(huì)因?yàn)槟愕哪w色而討厭你。大多數(shù)人在乎的是錢(qián)，而不是你的長(zhǎng)相。
2. 當(dāng)一些中國(guó)公司想雇用一名外國(guó)人時(shí)，他們甚至可以直接告訴你：“你是黑人，但我們要白人”。這種態(tài)度在中國(guó)是無(wú)需掩飾的。但其內(nèi)在原因是：這些公司只是認(rèn)為“白”皮膚有助于為公司做廣告。這與種族主義者本身無(wú)關(guān)?？吹搅藛?？還是為了錢(qián)。
One thing I’ve noticed about Shanghaiese is their DGAF attitude. They’re busy, they are hustling and they pride themselves on being more cosmopolitan than other Chinese people.
And money definitely talks here. Shopkeepers have been obsequious and I can’t get my driver to stop calling me madame, like he literally refuses to learn my first name. The neighbors are moving and their Ayi practically threw herself at us trying to get hired. I gave her my WeChat and she keeps sending me pics of all the American families she has worked for over the years.
If it bothers people that I’m black, they keep it to themselves.
我注意到上海人的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)，那就是他們的“DGAF（完全不在乎）”態(tài)度。他們忙忙碌碌、熙熙攘攘，以自己比其他中國(guó)人更國(guó)際化而自豪。
在這里，錢(qián)絕對(duì)是萬(wàn)能的。店員們都很諂媚，我的司機(jī)也總是叫我“夫人”，就像他拒絕知道我的名字一樣。鄰居們要搬家了，他們的阿姨幾乎是來(lái)投奔我們，想讓我們雇她。我給了她我的微信，她就一直給我發(fā)她多年來(lái)為之工作過(guò)的所有美國(guó)家庭的照片。
如果有人因?yàn)槲沂呛谌硕械嚼_，他們也不會(huì)說(shuō)出來(lái)。
What work is your husband or you doing to support you in China? Im curious about mature expats. English teaching seems to be the thing over and over. We may move--don't speak Chinese (learning) --got lots of degrees--me, two younger kids.
I see kid going to a private international school but a sustainable enjoyable job seems to keep coming up as Teach English.
您的丈夫或您在中國(guó)從事什么工作來(lái)養(yǎng)活您？我對(duì)成熟的外籍人士很好奇。英語(yǔ)教學(xué)似乎是一個(gè)反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的話題。我們可能會(huì)搬家--不會(huì)說(shuō)中文（正在學(xué)習(xí)）--有很多學(xué)位--我?guī)е鴥蓚€(gè)年幼的孩子。
我想讓孩子上私立國(guó)際學(xué)校，但是一份可持續(xù)的愉快工作似乎一直是英語(yǔ)教師。
My husband is middle management at a MNC and got sent over on an expat package. That’s the best way to do it IMHO, the benefits are out of this world. It took about seven years of continually expressing interest in a China transfer. I don’t want to divulge the specific industry but it’s a type of manufacturing. Most of the expats I’ve met on packages work in the automotive industry and then my son goes to school with some diplomats’ kids.
我丈夫是一家跨國(guó)公司的中層管理人員，他是以外派人員的身份被派到這里工作的。在我看來(lái)，這是最好的方式，福利非常豐厚。我們花了大約七年的時(shí)間不斷表達(dá)對(duì)調(diào)往中國(guó)的興趣。我不想透露具體的行業(yè)，但它屬于制造業(yè)。我遇到的大多數(shù)享受外派待遇的外籍人士都在汽車(chē)行業(yè)工作，而我的兒子則和一些外交官的孩子一起上學(xué)。
I want you two to look up Da Long, although he has gone through some stuff recently. China was always not as horrible as people think to people of color. I'm Mexican American and lived there for 20 years.
I experience more racism in the US pretty much anywhere then I would in China. Plus in China all you have to do is learn Chinese well, learn how to order food properly and everyone will melt in your hands.
The only red flag in China is if you work for a company that does anything high tech or anything of interest to the Chinese government that's when the fangs come out. Lastly if you start talking politics in the public space that's a no mo, which has gotten worse since ... toom power hence why I don't live there.
PS what school is your son going to if I may ask, may be my school.
我希望你們兩個(gè)查一下大龍，盡管他最近經(jīng)歷了一些事情。中國(guó)對(duì)有色人種來(lái)說(shuō)，實(shí)際上并沒(méi)有人們想象的那么糟糕。我是墨西哥裔美國(guó)人，在那里生活了20年。我在美國(guó)幾乎任何地方經(jīng)歷的種族歧視都比在中國(guó)要多。而且在中國(guó)，你只需要學(xué)好中文，學(xué)會(huì)如何正確點(diǎn)餐，大家都會(huì)對(duì)你很友好。
在中國(guó)唯一的問(wèn)題是，如果你為一家從事高科技或與中國(guó)政府有關(guān)系的公司工作，那時(shí)就會(huì)遇到麻煩。最后，如果你在公共場(chǎng)合談?wù)撜?，那就絕對(duì)不行，自從***以來(lái)，這種情況變得更糟，因此我不住在那里。
順便問(wèn)一下，你兒子上哪個(gè)學(xué)校？也許是我的學(xué)校。
The truth is between r/china ‘s overly negative takes and r/chinalife ‘s overly positive takes. Racist violence is rare. Racial discrimination for jobs, housing, and in institutions is common. There are no enforced anti-racial discrimination laws so businesses/institutions/landlords etc. are free to have explicitly racist policies, that they even in certain cases tell you to your face exist, and your only recourse is to accept it.
真相介于 r/china 的過(guò)于負(fù)面評(píng)價(jià)和 r/chinalife 的過(guò)于正面評(píng)價(jià)之間。種族主義暴力很少見(jiàn)。工作、住房和機(jī)構(gòu)中的種族歧視很常見(jiàn)。沒(méi)有強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行的反種族歧視法，因此企業(yè)/機(jī)構(gòu)/房東等可以自由地制定明確的種族主義規(guī)則，甚至在某些情況下，他們會(huì)當(dāng)面告訴你這些規(guī)則的存在，而你唯一能做的就是接受這些規(guī)則。
Okay, as much as I respect what China has given to me, I must agree with this. There are black communities in Guangzhou you might want to ask around in Guangzhou group.
好吧，雖然我很尊重中國(guó)給我的一切，但我必須同意這一點(diǎn)。廣州有黑人社區(qū)，你可以在廣州群里打聽(tīng)一下。
This is the truth. Anyone over there telling you it's going to be a nightmare is completely off-base. Anyone here telling you discrimination in the US is worse is outright delusional. You are being lied to by a lot of people and the truth is in the middle. Keep in mind that you'll be perceived though multiple lenses including "foreigner", "Black", African", "American", etc.
I'm not going to lie. You are going to have certain negative experiences. Definitely. You aren't "in danger" or anything like that and I highly doubt any of the negative experiences are driven by hatred, and how cool the whole experience is is really up to you.
I've had two instances of foreign friends having their hair snipped off with scissors by strangers on public transportation - one was a black guy with dreads and one was a white girl with flaming ginger hair. Hair. straight. up. snipped. off. It might happen. You'll need to get over it.
這是事實(shí)。那邊（r/china）有人告訴你這將是一個(gè)噩夢(mèng)，是完全錯(cuò)誤的。這里（r/chinalife）有人告訴你美國(guó)的歧視更嚴(yán)重，簡(jiǎn)直是妄想。很多人都在對(duì)你撒謊，真相在于中間地帶。請(qǐng)記住，你將通過(guò)多種視角被看待，包括“外國(guó)人”、“黑人”、“非洲人”、“美國(guó)人”等等。
我不會(huì)撒謊。你會(huì)經(jīng)歷一些負(fù)面的體驗(yàn)。確實(shí)如此。你并不是“處于危險(xiǎn)之中”或類(lèi)似的情況，我不覺(jué)得任何經(jīng)歷的負(fù)面體驗(yàn)是出于仇恨，而對(duì)整個(gè)經(jīng)歷的接受程度真的取決于你自己。
我有兩個(gè)外國(guó)朋友在公共交通上被陌生人用剪刀剪掉頭發(fā)的例子——一個(gè)是有辮子的黑人男孩，另一個(gè)是有火焰般紅發(fā)的白人女孩。頭發(fā)。直接。被。剪。掉。這樣的事情可能會(huì)發(fā)生。你需要克服它。
Wow, and I thought having a random dude stroke my hairy legs on the train was weird.
哇喔，我還以為在火車(chē)上讓一個(gè)隨機(jī)的哥們撫摸我的毛腿已經(jīng)算奇怪的呢。
I can confirm, it was weird lol
我可以確認(rèn)，這很奇怪，笑
That IS weird
這確實(shí)很奇怪
Wasn't weird for me, thanks hairy legged stranger.
對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)不奇怪，謝謝你，毛腿陌生人。
顯然，中國(guó)有很多福瑞控。
I could be wrong, and I’m not trying to nitpick, but I don’t believe you’re correct about anti-discrimination laws. As far as I’m aware, there are laws in place that prohibit gender, ethnic and other types of discrimination. I’m also pretty sure that workplace discrimination is also in violation of the law. Chinese friends have assured me these laws are in place and you can get lawyers involved when experiencing such discrimination in education or at work - although I haven’t verified this.
However, I complete agree that such laws are rarely enforced and most people won’t go to the trouble of paying legal fees to fight such cases (especially when in areas where the legal system isn’t without corruption).
Also, I believe OP will be absolutely fine and enjoy her life in a city like Shanghai. Being black can be a barrier in certain circumstances (I’ve first had experience with a housing agent telling me the local police don’t want to house black people in the area) but in general you’ll be treated with dignity and respect. I’ve many black friends from South Africa and other African regions who find petty racism (comments and touching hair etc) annoying but it doesn’t deter them from enjoying life here.
The truth? Discrimination exists in China for everyone. Sometimes this will be because of your age, sometime because of your gender and even sometimes because of your ethnicity. If you’re worried for your safety, you needn’t be. You’re way safer here than in the US. If you’re particularly sensitive to not being treated equally (positive or negative), you’ll struggle.
我可能錯(cuò)了，我并不是想挑剔，但我不認(rèn)為你關(guān)于“中國(guó)沒(méi)有反歧視法律”的說(shuō)法是正確的。就我所知，確實(shí)有法律禁止性別、種族和其他類(lèi)型的歧視。我也很確定，職場(chǎng)歧視也是違法的。我的中國(guó)朋友們向我保證這些法律是存在的，當(dāng)在教育或工作中遭遇這種歧視時(shí)，可以請(qǐng)律師介入——盡管我并沒(méi)有驗(yàn)證這一點(diǎn)。
然而，我完全同意這些法律很少被執(zhí)行，大多數(shù)人不會(huì)費(fèi)心支付法律費(fèi)用來(lái)打這樣的官司（尤其是在法律系統(tǒng)并不健全的地區(qū)）。
我相信OP在像上海這樣的城市會(huì)生活得非常好并享受生活。作為黑人在某些情況下可能會(huì)遇到障礙（我曾親身經(jīng)歷過(guò)一個(gè)房產(chǎn)中介告訴我當(dāng)?shù)鼐觳幌胱尯谌嗽谶@個(gè)地區(qū)居?。?，但總體來(lái)說(shuō)，你會(huì)受到尊重和有尊嚴(yán)的對(duì)待。我有很多來(lái)自南非和其他非洲地區(qū)的黑人朋友，他們覺(jué)得一些小的種族歧視（人身評(píng)論和觸碰頭發(fā)等）令人煩惱，但這并沒(méi)有阻止他們?cè)谶@里享受生活。
事實(shí)是？在中國(guó)，歧視對(duì)每個(gè)人都存在。有時(shí)這可能是因?yàn)槟愕哪挲g，有時(shí)是因?yàn)槟愕男詣e，甚至有時(shí)是因?yàn)槟愕姆N族。如果你擔(dān)心自己的安全，其實(shí)不必?fù)?dān)心。你在這里比在美國(guó)安全得多。如果你特別敏感于不被平等對(duì)待（無(wú)論是積極的還是消極的），你可能會(huì)感到掙扎。
Not sure why you were being downvoted here. There are laws about racism but, BIG BUT, they often aren't followed or implemented on a practical level.
Racism exists to a large degree and as a black person you will experience it more than others, however, the type of racism will mostly be very different to the type of racism you might experience else where. In the west, racism towards black people is largely out of hatred and the legacy of slavery. In China it's more based on ignorance. You will have very few people who have any kind of strong hatred towards black people, but there will be a strong mix of stereotypes from the media (think global news media, films, sports, music etc), an assumption that black countries are poorer and less developed and a general distrust or overly cautious of anyone that seems different.
So what this means in practical terms - will you be in danger of getting hurt from a violent racist Neo nazi? Almost certainly not. Will you find it more difficult to get a job as an English teacher? Probably. Will you sometimes find it harder to flag down a cab? Sometimes yes. Will people you barely know invade your personal space to touch your hair out of curiosity? Probably will happen at some point. Will people come up to you to have your photo taken in public? Yes probably. Will young people assume you like hip hop and play basketball? Probably. Will people be amazed if you can speak Chinese to them? Yes. Will people quickly drop many of their assumptions as you get to know them? Absolutely.
Anyway, the more local a city, the harder it will be but if you're in a big city like Shanghai, you will most likely thrive.
不太明白你為什么會(huì)被點(diǎn)踩。有關(guān)于種族主義的法律，但是，一個(gè)大問(wèn)題是，這些法律往往沒(méi)有得到遵守或?qū)嶋H執(zhí)行。
種族主義在很大程度上是存在的，作為一個(gè)黑人，你會(huì)比其他人更容易經(jīng)歷它。然而，種族主義的類(lèi)型通常與其他地方你可能經(jīng)歷的種族主義大相徑庭。在西方，針對(duì)黑人的種族主義主要源于仇恨和奴隸制的遺產(chǎn)。在中國(guó)，這更多是基于無(wú)知。對(duì)黑人具有強(qiáng)烈仇恨的人非常少，但媒體（想想全球新聞媒體、電影、體育、音樂(lè)等）會(huì)傳播大量的刻板印象，普遍認(rèn)為黑人國(guó)家更貧窮、發(fā)展較慢，以及對(duì)任何看起來(lái)不同的人普遍不信任或過(guò)于謹(jǐn)慎。
那么，這意味著什么呢--你會(huì)有被暴力種族主義新納粹傷害的危險(xiǎn)嗎？幾乎肯定不會(huì)。你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)更難找到一份英語(yǔ)教師的工作嗎？可能會(huì)。有時(shí)你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)更難攔到出租車(chē)嗎？有時(shí)會(huì)。你幾乎不認(rèn)識(shí)的人會(huì)因?yàn)楹闷娑址改愕乃饺丝臻g，摸你的頭發(fā)嗎？可能在某些時(shí)候會(huì)發(fā)生。會(huì)有人在公共場(chǎng)合走過(guò)來(lái)讓你拍照嗎？可能會(huì)。年輕人會(huì)認(rèn)為你喜歡嘻哈和打籃球嗎？可能會(huì)。如果你會(huì)說(shuō)中文，人們會(huì)驚訝嗎？會(huì)。隨著你對(duì)他們的了解，人們會(huì)很快放棄他們的許多假設(shè)嗎？當(dāng)然會(huì)。
無(wú)論如何，越是地方性的城市，生活就越困難，但如果你在像上海這樣的大城市，你很可能會(huì)過(guò)得很好。
r/China is filled with a bunch of toxic racists and losers, most of whom have never been to China, so I would ignore everything from that sub.
Chinese people don’t care about political correctness and are generally very direct. Both Chongqing and Shanghai are large metropolitan cities, you will be perfectly safe and fine to go about without harassment. You will have plenty of opportunities to make friends in a college environment. If you can be genuine and keep an open mind, you will have an enjoyable semester.
r/China 充斥著一群有毒的種族主義者和屌絲，他們中的大多數(shù)人從未到過(guò)中國(guó)，所以我會(huì)忽略這個(gè)板塊的一切。
中國(guó)人不在乎政治正確與否，一般都很直接。重慶和上海都是大都市，你可以非常安全地四處游玩，不會(huì)受到騷擾。在大學(xué)環(huán)境中，你有很多機(jī)會(huì)結(jié)交朋友。如果你能真誠(chéng)待人，保持開(kāi)放的心態(tài)，你將會(huì)度過(guò)一個(gè)愉快的學(xué)期。
exactly this. dont go to r/China for anything related to China. Everytime i say something positive about china they ban me or downvote me. So all you get would be the made up shit because 99% users there has never been to China.
完全同意。不要在 r/China 上發(fā)表任何與中國(guó)有關(guān)的言論。每當(dāng)我說(shuō)一些關(guān)于中國(guó)的正面言論時(shí)，他們就會(huì)封禁我或給我點(diǎn)踩。所以你得到的都是胡編亂造的東西，因?yàn)槟抢?99% 的用戶(hù)都沒(méi)去過(guò)中國(guó)。
Caveat is that, some Chinese people may come across as extremely rude but they're really just being direct. That joke about Chinese people always sounding like they're arguing is kind of true. And a hearty argument could actually bring 2 Chinese people closer.
The cultural differences are quite jarring. If someone's able to not take things personally they'd have a much better time in China
需要注意的是，有些中國(guó)人可能看起來(lái)非常粗魯，但其實(shí)他們只是直來(lái)直去而已。那個(gè)關(guān)于中國(guó)人聽(tīng)起來(lái)總是在吵架的笑話是真的。事實(shí)上，一場(chǎng)激烈的爭(zhēng)吵可以拉近兩個(gè)中國(guó)人之間的距離。
文化差異是非常醒目的。如果一個(gè)人能夠不把事情放在心上，他們?cè)谥袊?guó)的體驗(yàn)會(huì)好得多。