18款禁用免费安装的软件APP,麻豆果冻传媒AV精品一区,强迫警花戴乳环

Ralph Nhatrang
Mostly it was a matter of finance. When the Party proposed a Bill to the National Assembly some years ago to build a $100 billion high speed train service between Hanoi and Saigon:
No internal finance was available;
No foreign finance was available, including from the World Bank and Asian Development Bank;
The director of Vietnam Railways pointed out in a published letter that, were the line be built, it would still be cheaper and quicker to fly.
The National Assembly, in a rare display of independence, voted down the Party’s proposal. But the Party continues to think it’s a good idea.
A high speed railway is now being built between Saigon and Can Tho and other proposals are for Hanoi-Haiphong, Hanoi-Sapa and Saigon-Nha Trang lixs. What is also badly needed is a fast (not high speed) goods transport train service between the major cities of Vietnam.

主要是資金問題。幾年前，黨向國會(huì)提交了一項(xiàng)議案，計(jì)劃投資1000億美元在河內(nèi)和西貢之間建設(shè)一條高速鐵路：
國內(nèi)沒有可用資金；
國外也沒有資金，包括世界銀行和亞洲開發(fā)銀行的資助；
越南鐵路公司的負(fù)責(zé)人在一封公開信中指出，即使鐵路建成，乘飛機(jī)旅行仍然會(huì)更經(jīng)濟(jì)、更快捷。
國會(huì)罕見地獨(dú)立行使權(quán)力，否決了黨的提案。但黨仍然認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)好主意。
目前正在建設(shè)西貢至芹苴的高速鐵路，同時(shí)還有計(jì)劃修建連接河內(nèi)至海防、河內(nèi)至沙巴、西貢至芽莊的鐵路線路。此外，越南各主要城市之間也迫切需要一條快速貨運(yùn)鐵路服務(wù)。

Lucia Millar
Dear Ralph Nhatrang
The Party did not propose but the government did propose this project. Of course, you could say the party members from the government proposed it.

親愛的Ralph Nhatrang，
提出這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的實(shí)際上是政府，而不是黨。當(dāng)然，你也可以說，是政府中的黨員提出了這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。

In the political structure of Vietnam, the party often does not intervene directly in the administrative activities of the government, as well as the making laws activities of the Vietnamese assembly. All projects and other economic activities have been administrated by the Vietnamese government and also proposed by the Vietnamese governments, not from the Party. The assembly will make laws that the government must follow as well as re-check the government activities. The party seems to be advisors behind both the Vietnamese state bodies including government and assembly. If the party really wishes to do any project, I doubt the assembly could prevent it because most of the members of the Vietnamese assembly are Party members.

在越南的政治體系中，黨通常不會(huì)直接介入政府的行政管理活動(dòng)，也不會(huì)干預(yù)國會(huì)的立法活動(dòng)。所有項(xiàng)目和其他經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)都是由越南政府管理和提出的，而不是由黨提出的。國會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)制定政府必須遵守的法律，并重新審查政府的活動(dòng)。該黨似乎是越南政府和議會(huì)等國家機(jī)關(guān)的幕后顧問。如果黨真的想做任何項(xiàng)目，我懷疑大會(huì)能否阻止它，因?yàn)樵侥献h會(huì)的大多數(shù)成員都是黨員。

Qu?c Tran Pham
It is above all a matter of money: Consider the urban railroad line under construction now in Saigon has reached an astronomical cost per km (and is now put on standby). A Quoran has posted an answer detailing the high flying costs of that very first railway. Now transpose the costs to a long distance high speed railway which would require even more robust and safe infrastructures.

歸根結(jié)底，這是一個(gè)資金問題：想想目前在西貢建設(shè)中的地鐵線路，每公里的成本高得驚人（目前已暫停建設(shè)）。有位Quora用戶已經(jīng)詳細(xì)說明了那條首條鐵路的高昂費(fèi)用。現(xiàn)在把成本轉(zhuǎn)移到長途高速鐵路上，這將需要更堅(jiān)固和安全的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。

Anyway, it is a sound decision because operating high speed trains requires another level of risk management that Vietnamese people are not prepared to: Do you know that on currently, despite the snail pace of Vietnamese trains (under 60km/h) on average, there is one accident a week involving a train and another transportation mean.

無論如何，這是一個(gè)明智的決策，因?yàn)檫\(yùn)營高速列車需要更高級別的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理，而越南人民對此尚未做好準(zhǔn)備：你知道嗎，即使目前越南火車的速度慢如蝸牛（平均低于60公里/小時(shí)），每周仍有一起涉及火車和其他交通工具的事故發(fā)生。

Julia Vasileva
What are you talking about XD For many years they can’t even finish building their first metro in Vietnam. Speed railways… (http://railways….no) no comments

兄弟，你在說什么? 多年來他們連越南的第一條地鐵都建不完。至于高速鐵路，不予置評（http://railways….no）。

Nugeny
Vietnam right now has the right solution. They are building huge airports. Yes it cheaper and way steadier than any train. I would fly any time.

越南目前采取了正確的解決方案，他們正在建設(shè)大型機(jī)場。是的，這比任何火車都便宜，也更穩(wěn)定。我任何時(shí)候都愿意選擇乘坐飛機(jī)出行。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://m.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處

Dan Le
Why is Vietnam still poor?
It’s a complex issue with no simple answer that captures the multitude of reasons of why Vietnam is ‘poor’. By some international measures of income per capita, as some have stated here, Vietnam has been ‘lifted’ out of poverty and is now enjoying a ‘middle-developed’ status. By other measures, including how the vast majority of Vietnamese live day to day, it still qualifies as ‘poor’.Having lived and worked in Vietnam for many years and still a frequent traveler there, I’ll give my perspective on why I consider Vietnam as ‘too poor’ relative to its resources and abilities. In other words, why Vietnam has not achieved its potential.

為什么越南仍然貧窮？
這個(gè)問題很復(fù)雜，沒有簡單的答案能夠完全解釋越南為何被認(rèn)為“貧窮”。根據(jù)一些國際人均收入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，有人提到，越南已經(jīng)“擺脫”了貧困，現(xiàn)在正處于“中等發(fā)展”國家的行列。然而，根據(jù)其他標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，尤其是考慮到大多數(shù)越南人的日常生活狀況，越南仍然被認(rèn)為是“貧窮”的。我在越南生活工作過多年，并且現(xiàn)在仍然是那里的常客，我會(huì)從我的視角談?wù)?，相對于越南擁有的資源和能力而言，我認(rèn)為越南仍然過于貧窮。換句話說，為什么越南還沒有達(dá)到其應(yīng)有的發(fā)展水平。

#1. Corruption, corruption, corruption. It makes you sick to see it and live with it.

腐敗，腐敗，還是腐敗?？吹剿⒂H身體驗(yàn)它，讓人感到厭惡。

It makes you ill to watch hard-working shopkeepers with an entrepreneurial spirit be shaken down by the local police, then the district police, and then the local party head on a regular basis. Even in my capacity as country manager for a large US company, we were visited by representatives from the labour ministry and told we owed $100k to the government because they changed a law last month and made it retroactive for two years. It was just a high-level shakedown. Have a look at the rail system being installed in Ho Chi Minh City, which includes underground and above-ground trains that reach out from District 1 and into District 2 and other areas of greater HCMC.

目睹那些辛勤工作的店主們，他們充滿創(chuàng)業(yè)精神，卻經(jīng)常遭到當(dāng)?shù)鼐?、區(qū)警察乃至地方黨委領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的輪番敲詐，這讓人感到厭惡。即便是在我擔(dān)任一家大型美國公司駐外經(jīng)理的職位上，我們也曾被勞動(dòng)部的代表造訪，并被告知由于他們上個(gè)月修改了一項(xiàng)法律并使其具有追溯效力達(dá)兩年之久，我們欠政府10萬美元。這分明是一場高層的勒索。再看看胡志明市正在建設(shè)的鐵路系統(tǒng)，它包括從第一區(qū)延伸至第二區(qū)及其他更大區(qū)域的地下和地面列車。

On its completion it will be the most expensive rail system ever built IN THE ENTIRE WORLD (it’s still not finished after many years). Is that because the cost of labour is so high in Vietnam or materials are difficult and costly to procure or that the train system is so vast? No. It is because every layer of government official is on the take. Think about that. We are talking tens of millions of dollars that are going into private pockets when it could be used for other public projects to improve the lives of Vietnamese citizens. Corruption is rampant and visible at every level of Vietnamese society and is a cancer that impedes its growth.

一旦建成，它將成為全球造價(jià)最高的鐵路系統(tǒng)（盡管多年過去仍未完工）。這是因?yàn)樵侥系膭趧?dòng)力成本高昂，還是因?yàn)椴牧想y以獲得且價(jià)格昂貴，或者是因?yàn)殍F路系統(tǒng)規(guī)模過于龐大嗎？都不是。而是因?yàn)楦骷壵賳T都在從中獲利。想想這一點(diǎn)，我們談?wù)摰氖菙?shù)千萬美金最終落入私人腰包，而這些資金本可以用來改善越南民眾生活的其他公共項(xiàng)目。腐敗在越南社會(huì)的每個(gè)層面都普遍存在且顯而易見，它像癌癥一樣阻礙著國家的發(fā)展。

#2. Poor quality public infrastructure and public goods. I’m not talking about roads - there are many decent roads, particularly in Hanoi (go figure) - or internet, as good wifi is available in even the most remote coffee shops. I’m talking about a) education and b) health care. For all the statistics people touting the ‘great development’ across Vietnam, I invite you to drive one hour outside HCMC or Hanoi or Danang or Nha Trang, and visit a local school or hospital. While some schools are in decent shape, most are in awful condition. It is heartbreaking to see children in small, hot, non-air-conditioned rooms sitting two to a desk and attempting to study. And the toilets - they are usually outside and absolutely filthy beyond descxtion. I know this because I’ve volunteered at a few schools and built playgrounds, etc.

越南的公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和公共服務(wù)質(zhì)量欠佳。我指的不是道路——尤其是在河內(nèi)，有很多路況不錯(cuò)的道路（這倒是出乎意料）——也不是指互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，因?yàn)樵谧钇h(yuǎn)的咖啡館里也能享受到優(yōu)質(zhì)的無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)。我指的是教育和醫(yī)療保健。對于那些宣稱越南“發(fā)展迅速”的數(shù)據(jù)，我建議你驅(qū)車離開胡志明市、河內(nèi)、峴港或芽莊一小時(shí)，親自去當(dāng)?shù)氐膶W(xué)?；蜥t(yī)院看看。雖然有些學(xué)校條件尚可，但大多數(shù)學(xué)校的條件非常糟糕?？吹胶⒆觽償D在狹小、炎熱、沒有空調(diào)的教室里，兩個(gè)孩子合用一張課桌，努力地學(xué)習(xí)，真是令人心痛。至于廁所——它們通常位于室外，臟得難以形容。我之所以了解這些，是因?yàn)槲以趲姿鶎W(xué)校做過志愿者，參與建設(shè)操場等項(xiàng)目。

The conditions at many schools are absolutely not conducive to receiving a proper education. Oh and the teachers and staff are all on the take as well, which brings me to one of the biggest shames of Vietnam: the hospitals. I’ve been in them, I’ve visited friends in them, and it is truly shocking. The last time I visited a friend in a hospital was two months ago, and I counted 22 people in a room that was about 16 square meters. People sleeping under beds, patients two to a bed, open windows in this room because there is no air conditioning, letting mosquitos in. Patients sleeping on tiny beds in the hallways. Belligerent ‘doctors’ grumbling everywhere.

許多學(xué)校的環(huán)境根本不適合學(xué)生接受良好的教育。而且，教師和員工也都卷入了貪污，這讓我想到了越南最讓人羞愧的問題之一：醫(yī)院。我親自去過這些醫(yī)院，也去探望過住院的朋友，那里的情況真的令人震驚。我記得兩個(gè)月前去探望一位住院的朋友，我數(shù)了數(shù)，一個(gè)大約只有16平方米的房間里竟然擠了22個(gè)人。人們睡在床鋪下面，病患兩人合睡一張床，房間里的窗戶敞開著，因?yàn)闆]有空調(diào)，這導(dǎo)致蚊子飛進(jìn)來。病患們甚至睡在走廊的小床上。到處都能聽到粗暴的“醫(yī)生”在發(fā)牢騷。

Okay this is bad enough, but what makes it so maddening and heartbreaking is that, like most systems in Vietnam, it is corrupt. I know for a fact that doctors and especially heads of hospitals, as well as local government officials take bribes to give ‘better’ treatment and are paid by pharmaceutical and medical device companies to use their products. They take this money and line their own pockets while their fellow citizens lie in desperate agony in unsanitary hospitals, hoping for a cure from belligerent, semi-qualified ‘doctors’ who are also on the take. It is shocking and depressing to witness.

這已經(jīng)夠糟糕了，但更讓人憤怒和心碎的是，像越南的許多系統(tǒng)一樣，它充滿了腐敗。我知道，醫(yī)生，尤其是醫(yī)院的負(fù)責(zé)人和地方政府官員，常常收受賄賂，提供所謂的“更好”治療，還會(huì)接受制藥公司和醫(yī)療器械公司支付的回扣，使用他們的產(chǎn)品。他們拿著這些錢，填滿自己的口袋，而普通百姓卻在骯臟的醫(yī)院里痛苦掙扎，絕望地等待著那些也在收受回扣、能力有限的“醫(yī)生”提供的治療。親眼目睹這一切，真是令人震驚和沮喪。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://m.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處

#3. Lack of legal infrastructure protecting property rights (there are some even in pseudo-socialist Vietnam) and enforcing contracts. It’s the wild west when it comes to contract enforcement and for the most part, the side that wins a dispute is the one who is ‘better connected’ or who has more ‘power’. And by connections and power I mean the side that ‘knows someone’ in the government, the party, the police, or the army. Especially the army or government; if you have a high-ranking army or government connection you can be assured you will win most of your disputes regardless of merit.

在越南，即使這是一個(gè)號(hào)稱社會(huì)主義的國家，保護(hù)財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)和執(zhí)行合同的法律體系仍然不完善。合同執(zhí)行方面幾乎是無法無天的西部荒野狀態(tài)，大多數(shù)情況下，贏得爭議的一方是那些“關(guān)系更硬”或者“權(quán)力更大”的人。這里所說的“關(guān)系”和“權(quán)力”，是指那些在政府、黨、警察或軍隊(duì)里（特別是軍隊(duì)或政府內(nèi)部的高層關(guān)系）“有人”的一方。如果您擁有高層軍隊(duì)或政府的關(guān)系網(wǎng)，可以肯定的是，您將贏得大多數(shù)爭議，而無需考慮爭議的正當(dāng)性。

So my take is this: Vietnam’s quality of life is not ‘poor’ because its people are unintelligent or lazy or disinterested. Most Vietnamese are very intelligent, aspirational, and willing to work hard for a better life for themselves and for their families. But they unfortunately are swimming upstream against the powerful forces of corruption, poor infrastructure, and lack of property rights and contract enforcement. In the face of such negative forces you would forgive them for thinking, “what’s the point?” and for giving up. If more Vietnamese begin to demand more accountability these negative forces can be reduced and Vietnam can reach its potential as a country much more quickly.

我的看法是這樣的：越南人民的生活質(zhì)量不佳，并不是因?yàn)樵侥先嗣癫宦斆?、懶惰或不思進(jìn)取。實(shí)際上，大多數(shù)越南人民都非常聰明、有抱負(fù)，并且愿意為了自己和家人的更好生活而辛勤工作。但他們不幸地面臨著腐敗、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施不足以及產(chǎn)權(quán)和合同執(zhí)行不力等強(qiáng)大阻力。面對這些負(fù)面力量，人們很容易產(chǎn)生“努力有何意義？”的疑問，甚至選擇放棄。如果越來越多的越南人民開始要求更多的問責(zé)，這些負(fù)面力量就能被削弱，越南作為一個(gè)國家就能更快地發(fā)揮其潛力。

Hoàng Hà Nguyên V?nh
Why doesn’t Vietnam have modern ports and airports but is investing on high speed railway?
I assume you dont know because many ports that are being upgraded are military ports or partial military facilities and the government are rather quiet about it.
Im not a naval guy , so i can only talk about aviation

為什么越南沒有現(xiàn)代化的港口和機(jī)場，卻在投資高速鐵路？
我想你可能不知道，因?yàn)樵S多正在升級的港口實(shí)際上是軍用港口或部分軍事設(shè)施，政府對此保持沉默。我不是海軍方面的專家，所以只能談?wù)労娇辗矫娴那闆r。

About airport :
Look at AIP ( Aeronautical Information Publication ) of Viet Nam , it contain information and upxe yearly. Viet Nam AIP change extremely fast and new construction pop up everywhere. AIP contain all the information you need.
Aviation in Viet Nam is overloaded from the start.

關(guān)于機(jī)場問題：
可以查看越南的AIP（航空信息出版物），它包含了相關(guān)信息并且每年都會(huì)更新。越南的AIP更新非常頻繁，新建設(shè)項(xiàng)目隨處可見。AIP中包含了所有你需要的信息。
越南的航空業(yè)從一開始就處于超負(fù)荷狀態(tài)。

The air routes via the East Sea/ South China Sea are some of the busiest airways in the world , and TSN airport is overcrowded with take off/landing cycle being as low as 1 minute.
Viet Nam invest heavily into air traffic control and airport. Though what they upgrade in specific is a secret since most airports in Viet Nam are both military and civilian facility in one.
Many airports are currently under upgrade to international airports , including Phu Quoc , Cam Ranh , Phu Bai , …etc

經(jīng)由東海/南中國海的航線是世界上最繁忙的空中走廊之一，而新山一機(jī)場（Tan Son Nhat International Airport，TSN）因起降頻次極高而異常擁擠，起降間隔最短僅為1分鐘。
越南在空管系統(tǒng)和機(jī)場建設(shè)上投入巨大。盡管他們具體升級了哪些內(nèi)容是保密的，因?yàn)樵侥系拇蠖鄶?shù)機(jī)場都兼具軍民兩用功能。
目前，包括富國島機(jī)場、金蘭灣機(jī)場、富排機(jī)場在內(nèi)的許多機(jī)場都在升級改造，以達(dá)到國際機(jī)場的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://m.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處

ATC employ the latest technology , including navigation like RNAV , RNP and CPDLC. Within the region , Viet Nam is the fastest changing , outpacing even China and keep up with Singapore in deploying new technology into use.
China develop alot of aviation tech no doubt , but putting them into use is a whole different thing all together.
Air flow control is also in early stages of deployment and most airports/ aviation support facility ( network / radar station / land navigation equipment) are nearly done upgraded under cooperation with Japan.

空中交通管制（ATC）采用了最新的技術(shù)，包括RNAV（區(qū)域?qū)Ш剑?、RNP（所需導(dǎo)航性能）和CPDLC（控制器與飛行員的數(shù)據(jù)鏈通信）。在該地區(qū)，越南的變化速度是最快的，甚至超過了中國，并與新加坡在新技術(shù)的應(yīng)用上保持同步。
中國無疑開發(fā)了許多航空技術(shù)，但將這些技術(shù)投入實(shí)際使用是完全不同的事情。
空中流量控制也處于初步部署階段，大多數(shù)機(jī)場和航空支持設(shè)施（如網(wǎng)絡(luò)、雷達(dá)站和地面導(dǎo)航設(shè)備）在與日本的合作下幾乎完成了升級。

Area Control Centre is also in planing for upgrade to support newer equipment , as well as reduce control gap ( blank area not covered by radar ).
Fun fact : Long Thanh airport , unlike most speculated , are under status quo. Why? Because VAA havent figure out away yet how that one would fit.
Vietnamese controllers have the hardest time with Indian pilots. Their english is “strange” as most controllers put it.

區(qū)域管制中心也在計(jì)劃進(jìn)行升級，以便支持新型設(shè)備，同時(shí)減少雷達(dá)覆蓋不到的空白區(qū)域。
有趣的事實(shí)：與大多數(shù)人的猜測相反，龍城機(jī)場目前并沒有新的進(jìn)展。為什么呢？因?yàn)樵侥虾娇展芾砭郑╒AA）還沒有找到合適的方案來解決這個(gè)問題。
越南的空中交通管制員在與印度飛行員溝通時(shí)遇到了最大的挑戰(zhàn)。大多數(shù)管制員認(rèn)為他們的英語聽起來“很奇怪”。

Unci Narynin
Vietnam is investing in high speed railways? New to me. Last I checked, a proposal for a high speed line was shelved. Meanwhile they take a long time building metro systems in Hanoi and HCMC.
(If anyone has information, let me know.)
They are working on a new airport north of Ho Chi Minh City though, which will replace the current airport that is considered inadequate. Long Thanh airport is planned to be completed in 2025 and a new rail lix into the city is also being built.

越南正在投資建設(shè)高速鐵路？這對我來說是個(gè)新消息。我上次查看時(shí)，一個(gè)高速鐵路項(xiàng)目的提議已經(jīng)被擱置。與此同時(shí)，他們在河內(nèi)和胡志明市的地鐵系統(tǒng)建設(shè)也進(jìn)展緩慢。
（如果有人有最新信息，請分享給我。）
不過，他們確實(shí)正在胡志明市北部興建一個(gè)新的機(jī)場，這個(gè)機(jī)場將替代目前被認(rèn)為是不夠用的現(xiàn)有機(jī)場。計(jì)劃中，龍城機(jī)場將在2025年建成，同時(shí)，一條通往市中心的新鐵路線路也在建設(shè)之中。

為什么越南不修建高速鐵路？