印度經(jīng)濟(jì)存在的問題

India has emerged as one of the world's fastest-growing economies in recent years, but it still faces a number of challenges that are holding it back from achieving its full potential. In this video, we take a deep dive into the current problems facing the Indian economy.
One major issue is the comparison with other Asian economies such as China, Japan, and South Korea. While India has seen solid economic growth, it has not been able to match the pace of its Asian counterparts. We'll explore some of the reasons for this and what India can learn from other successful Asian economies.
We'll explore the challenges that India faces in terms of education, infrastructure, foreign direct investment, and international trade, and how these challenges have contributed to slower economic growth than some of its neighbors. We'll also discuss how India is working to address these issues and improve its economy in the long run. Overall, this video provides a comprehensive overview of the major problems facing the Indian economy today.

印度近年來已成為世界上增長最快的經(jīng)濟(jì)體之一，但仍面臨許多挑戰(zhàn)，阻礙其充分發(fā)揮潛力。在本視頻中，我們將深入探討印度經(jīng)濟(jì)當(dāng)前面臨的問題。
一個(gè)主要的問題是與亞洲其他經(jīng)濟(jì)體（如中國、日本和韓國）的比較。盡管印度經(jīng)濟(jì)增長穩(wěn)定，但未能趕上亞洲其他國家的步伐。我們將探討其中的一些原因以及印度可以從其他成功的亞洲經(jīng)濟(jì)體中學(xué)習(xí)什么。
我們將探討印度在教育、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、外國直接投資和國際貿(mào)易方面面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，以及這些挑戰(zhàn)如何導(dǎo)致其經(jīng)濟(jì)增長速度低于一些鄰國。我們還將討論印度如何努力解決這些問題，并在長期內(nèi)改善其經(jīng)濟(jì)?？傮w而言，本視頻全面概述了印度經(jīng)濟(jì)當(dāng)前面臨的主要問題。

@imviiku
This Comment section is the reflection of our Education System. We just can't take criticism. There are endless flaws in this country but people are blind by either their religion politics or caste politics . People will tell you visit Private hospital as they serve better but won't tell the government to give better service in the government hospital. People will buy an RO water Purifier and say we have a clean water at home but won't demand a clean Tap water which is a norm across the world . They would honk inexcusable on the roads, would spit anywhere and throw filth at random places and then crib about why our roads aren't clean. These are just Brainwashed "Think School " & " Study IQ" Audience, who can't listen to anything bad about India .

評(píng)論區(qū)反映了我們的教育系統(tǒng)存在的問題。我們無法接受批評(píng)。這個(gè)國家有無數(shù)的缺陷，但人們被宗教政治或種姓政治蒙蔽了雙眼。人們會(huì)告訴你去私立醫(yī)院，因?yàn)樗鼈兎?wù)更好，但不會(huì)要求政府在公立醫(yī)院提供更好的服務(wù)。人們會(huì)購買RO凈水器，并說家里有干凈的水，但不會(huì)要求提供干凈的自來水，而這在世界各地是常態(tài)。他們會(huì)在路上無理地按喇叭，隨地吐痰，亂扔垃圾，然后抱怨為什么我們的道路不干凈。這些人只是被洗腦的觀眾，聽不進(jìn)任何關(guān)于印度的負(fù)面言論。

@Maratha382
The problem with Indians is that we are happy with mediocrity. We start feeling proud to have the fastest growing major economy even though the growth only around 6%. China was growing at 12% at its peak.

印度人的問題在于我們滿足于平庸。即使經(jīng)濟(jì)增長率只有6%左右，我們卻開始為擁有增長最快的主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體感到自豪，而中國在其巔峰時(shí)期的增長率達(dá)到了12%。

@spilltea4241
The problem with India is its inequality within regions.
South India and West India are growing rapidly and are comparable to South East Asia. While 2 states Uttar Pradesh and Bihar combined has more population than USA but a per capita income lower than some of the subsaharan african countries.

印度的問題在于地區(qū)之間的不平等。南印度和西印度增長迅速，與東南亞相當(dāng)。而北方邦和比哈爾邦兩個(gè)邦的總?cè)丝诔^美國，但人均收入?yún)s低于一些撒哈拉以南的非洲國家。

@HERBERTPHILLIPSON
Thanks for the educative video. I'm so glad to share my experience here. I first got into BTC back in 2019, and I was hodling/buying sats at different price points. but later, in 2020, I ended up selling it because I was dumb and I didn't understand it. I studied and learned, and now I know how it works. Got back into crypto early in 2023 with 20k and l'm up with 300k in a short period of time.

感謝這個(gè)有教育意義的視頻，我很高興在這里分享我的經(jīng)歷。我于2019年首次接觸比特幣，并在不同的價(jià)格點(diǎn)持有/購買了一些比特幣。但在2020年，我最終賣掉了它，因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)我很愚蠢，不理解它。我通過學(xué)習(xí)了解了它的運(yùn)作方式并在2023年初重新進(jìn)入加密貨幣市場，用2萬本金在短時(shí)間內(nèi)賺到了30萬。

@sounakghosh8874
The true problem is our governments are least concerned about basic human needs/ infrastructure. They are happy with filling their own pockets and showing off some world-class infrastructure in limited areas, while education and health care are overlooked on a broader scale. The chief reason for China's growth was its fantastic economic decisions which are rarely, if at all, implemented in India.

真正的問題在于我們的政府對基本人類需求和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施漠不關(guān)心。他們樂于中飽私囊，并在有限的地區(qū)炫耀一些世界級(jí)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，而教育和醫(yī)療保健在更廣泛的范圍內(nèi)被忽視。中國增長的主要原因是其出色的經(jīng)濟(jì)決策，而這些決策在印度很少（如果有的話）得到實(shí)施。
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@sathishvijayan2160
All very true about India. Hopefully the government can take these warnings and do something about these short comings - particularly on the need to invest in human capital like education and health. States in South India have done this and they now comprise half of India’s GDP. The north has a lot of untapped potential.

關(guān)于印度的這些說法都非常正確。希望政府能夠聽取這些警告，并采取措施解決這些不足——特別是在教育和健康等人力資本投資方面。南印度的各邦已經(jīng)做到了這一點(diǎn)，它們現(xiàn)在占據(jù)了印度GDP的一半。北方則有大量未開發(fā)的潛力。

@justiceleague3517
For India the benchmark of economic progress is comparison with Pakistan. Really I'm not even exaggerating. When things are not particularly well , they be like "Well at least we're better than Pakistan"

對印度來說，經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)步的基準(zhǔn)是與巴基斯坦的比較。我真的沒有夸張，當(dāng)情況不太好的時(shí)候，他們會(huì)說“至少我們比巴基斯坦好”。

@armaan6813
I was amazed as the video was totally based on statistics and not on the opinions of so-called fake leaders and predicters, I believe the best way to strengthen ourselves is to know our weaknesses so that we could work on them and not just fool ourselves into that we are going to be the best.

我對這個(gè)視頻感到驚訝，因?yàn)樗耆诮y(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)而不是所謂的虛假領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人和預(yù)測者的觀點(diǎn)。我相信，增強(qiáng)自身實(shí)力的最佳方式是了解我們的弱點(diǎn)，這樣我們才能努力改進(jìn)，而不是自欺欺人地認(rèn)為我們會(huì)成為最好的。
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@mithildixit4416
Thankyou for speaking the truth about my country, many times people get caught up in the surface level data and don't bother understanding the very deep rooted issues facing India. This limits the country from progressing, I think for change India needs to be sure of what it is doing wrong.

感謝你講述關(guān)于我的國家的真相，很多時(shí)候人們只關(guān)注表面數(shù)據(jù)，而不愿去理解印度面臨的深層次問題。這限制了國家的進(jìn)步，我認(rèn)為印度需要明確自己在哪些方面做錯(cuò)了才能實(shí)現(xiàn)改變。

@naveenb9255
The thing that makes me frustrated as an Indian is the tourism sector.. It has very high potential but idk why the govt isn't noticing it.. It cost less to take care and promote the large number of monuments in India than to create new parks and statues

作為一個(gè)印度人，讓我感到沮喪的是旅游業(yè)。雖然它有巨大的潛力，但不知道為什么政府沒有注意到這一點(diǎn)，保護(hù)和推廣印度大量的古跡比建造新的公園和雕像成本更低。

@obxtsmedia4523
India is a democratic country you cannot just walk up to Indian people and tell them to leave because you want to make a factory on thier100 year old ancestors house. There is a lot of due diligence that goes into it and then there is opposition which wants to gain power with any means necessary. Dictatorship can silence any opposition and close it border to any outside journalism. India also have the worst of enemies on two thirds of its borders. Vulnerable to proxy wars on both of its borders.

印度是一個(gè)民主國家，你不能因?yàn)槟阆朐谒麄冏嫦茸×?00年的房子上建工廠就隨便走到印度人面前告訴他們離開，這需要大量的盡職調(diào)查，而且還有反對派會(huì)不擇手段地想要獲得權(quán)力。DC政權(quán)可以壓制所有反對的聲音，并對外部新聞機(jī)構(gòu)封鎖邊界。印度在其三分之二的邊界上都有最糟糕的敵人，容易在其兩個(gè)邊界上受到代理戰(zhàn)爭的威脅。

@islandsunset
Adding to the problems, corruption is one major problem. That 2% India spends on education and healthcare doesn't reach the people. I would assume almost half is either fall in the laps of corrupt politicians and bureaucrats or remain idle. There are States in India which get more money than they generate yet their state is underdeveloped.
Blindly increasing expenditure on healthcare and education would not solve the underlying problem. What we need is better policies and robust system to tackle corruption.

除了這些問題，腐敗也是一個(gè)主要的問題。印度在教育與醫(yī)療上投入的2%的資金并未真正惠及民眾。我推測其中近一半資金要么落入腐敗的政客和官僚手中，要么被閑置。印度一些邦的收入遠(yuǎn)低于其獲得的撥款，但這些邦仍然發(fā)展滯后。盲目增加醫(yī)療和教育的支出并不能解決根本問題，我們需要更好的政策和強(qiáng)有力的制度來應(yīng)對腐敗。

@rahulkhatri137
One of key factor is education. People don't want to grow themselves by using new options & experiments. Even the degree holders don't have the knowledge but just that paper of certificate that creates real problem. Corruption & lack of job opportunities led India to lose it's bright minds to US & other countries.

教育是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的因素，人們不愿意通過新的選擇和實(shí)驗(yàn)來提升自己。即使是持有學(xué)位的人也缺乏真正的知識(shí)，只有一紙文憑，這造成了實(shí)際的問題。腐敗和缺乏就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)導(dǎo)致印度的優(yōu)秀人才流失到美國和其他國家。

@GoelSam
One major thing most analysts forget about INDIA (while comparing with East Asia) is that 5 major wars & terror attacks forced the govt to spend more on Defence than Education or Healthcare.

大多數(shù)分析家在將印度與東亞進(jìn)行比較時(shí)忽略了一個(gè)重要的事實(shí)：五場重大戰(zhàn)爭和恐怖襲擊迫使印度政府將更多資金用于國防而不是教育或醫(yī)療。
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@kuku6116
Indian states are not spending on education & health infra adequately, they are still behind appeasement policies like pension & subsidies to woo voters. Central institutes do not have that much space to provide education to all, it's the state govt. duty to turn around education & health at grass root level. Central Govt. need to increase spending on R&D and provide grants for state for Gross fixed capital expenditure.

印度各邦在教育與衛(wèi)生基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施上的投入不足，它們?nèi)匀灰蕾囸B(yǎng)老金和補(bǔ)貼等討好選民的政策。中央機(jī)構(gòu)沒有足夠的能力為所有人提供教育，邦政府有責(zé)任在基層扭轉(zhuǎn)教育和衛(wèi)生的現(xiàn)狀。中央政府需要增加研發(fā)支出并為各邦提供固定資本支出的撥款。

@tonystank2680
What ever i understood from 2023 budget is that this budget would help reduce fiscal deficit by a lot.. also the infra budget has been increased.. education and the skilled workforce still needs a big revival..

我從2023年預(yù)算中了解到該預(yù)算將大幅減少財(cái)政赤字，同時(shí)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施預(yù)算也有所增加，但教育和技能勞動(dòng)力仍然需要大力振興。

@dishantdalvi
There's a conundrum regarding education spending. I've seen even the people from lower economic classes are sending their kids to private schools instead of government schools. Due to lack of students many schools, especially vernacular medium schools were forced to shut down, and there is less spending in education year after year. But these parents belonging to lower economic class, many times aren't well educated and work long hours, so they can't understand quality of education or aid there children with studies, further they're really ignorant about importance of education, I've seen many parents leave for their native places for months not bothering about their children missing out on schooling. This has lead to poor quality of education, because education doesn't stop at school, parents have to be involved with studies and give due importance to it.
There's also the point that system itself is redundant. Teaching patterns and methods are based on rote learning and memorization rather than application based studies, analytical thinking and in-depth understanding of concepts.
A lot has to be changed both in education system and mindset of the people.

教育支出存在一個(gè)難題。我甚至看到來自低收入階層的人將孩子送到私立學(xué)校而不是公立學(xué)校。由于學(xué)生人數(shù)不足，許多學(xué)校，尤其是地方語言學(xué)校被迫關(guān)閉，教育支出逐年減少。但這些低收入階層的父母通常受教育程度不高，工作時(shí)間長，因此無法理解教育質(zhì)量或幫助孩子學(xué)習(xí)，他們也對教育的重要性缺乏認(rèn)識(shí)。我見過許多父母離開家鄉(xiāng)數(shù)月，毫不關(guān)心孩子是否錯(cuò)過學(xué)業(yè)。這導(dǎo)致了教育質(zhì)量低下，因?yàn)榻逃粌H僅局限于學(xué)校，父母也需要參與并重視孩子的學(xué)習(xí)。
另一個(gè)問題是教育系統(tǒng)本身存在冗余。教學(xué)模式和方法基于死記硬背，而不是應(yīng)用型學(xué)習(xí)、分析思維和對概念的深入理解。
教育系統(tǒng)和人們的思維方式都需要進(jìn)行大量的改革。

@subu150390
An analysis of India should include the development in individual states because when you look at individual states, you'll find some with above-average numbers and a few that make South Sudan look like heaven.

對印度的分析應(yīng)包括各邦的發(fā)展情況，因?yàn)楫?dāng)你觀察各邦時(shí)，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一些邦的表現(xiàn)高于平均水平，而另一些邦則讓南蘇丹看起來像天堂。
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@puneetmishra4726
One of the major drawbacks of Indian education system that this report does not cover is the irrational obsession Indians have over government university and jobs. The coaching industry for competitive exams is one of the biggest industries in the country and instead of adding any value to the skillset of the youth, they take away there most precious years by selling them a false promise of "cracking the exam". Almost all of Indian youth waste at least 4-5 years of their life when they are below 25 in preparing those exams. If they put those years even in jobs that pay low wage but give them good experience and enhance there skillset, their condition would be far better. But sadly, Indian families would rather have their children beat there heads into books than letting them work in a job that might harm their social status.

這份報(bào)告未涵蓋的印度教育系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)主要的缺陷是印度人對政府大學(xué)和工作的非理性迷戀。競爭性考試的輔導(dǎo)行業(yè)是該國最大的行業(yè)之一，它們不僅沒有為年輕人的技能增添任何價(jià)值，反而通過向他們兜售“通過考試”的虛假承諾奪走了他們最寶貴的年華。幾乎所有印度年輕人在25歲之前都會(huì)浪費(fèi)至少4-5年的時(shí)間準(zhǔn)備這些考試，如果他們將這些年投入到低薪但能提供良好經(jīng)驗(yàn)和技能提升的工作中，他們的狀況會(huì)好得多。但可悲的是印度家庭寧愿讓孩子埋頭苦讀，也不愿讓他們從事可能損害其社會(huì)地位的工作。

@abc_cba
India spends the lowest on R&D of all the G-20 countries in terms of percentage of our GDP.
This is why most of the IIT and IIM kids can't get good funding to create something larger as Stanford and MIT, despite the education standards being as good as the latter. You can't be a good engineer with just studying books, here's where we get beaten down.

印度在G20國家中研發(fā)支出占GDP的比例最低，這就是為什么盡管教育水平與斯坦福和麻省理工相當(dāng)，但大多數(shù)IIT和IIM的學(xué)生無法獲得足夠的資金來創(chuàng)建像后者那樣的大型項(xiàng)目的原因。僅僅通過書本學(xué)習(xí)無法成為一名優(yōu)秀的工程師，這正是我們被擊敗的地方。
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@chinmaysangoram
It's interesting how, for the sake of this topic, China's com...st system is praised for making "rational" decisions; while on almost all other forums/platforms, and in every way possible, the same Chinese preference of Com...ism over capitalism and/or democracy is vigorously criticised...

有趣的是在這個(gè)話題中，中國的GCZY制度因做出“理性”決策而受到贊揚(yáng)；而在幾乎所有其他論壇和平臺(tái)上，中國對GCZY而非資本主義和/或民主的偏好卻遭到猛烈的批評(píng)。

@roseangel1553
One thing that worries me is that, now india has largest young population. But one day will come(around 2070) when it will become world's largest old population. At that time india will have to spend a big amount of its budget on pensions and social services.

令我擔(dān)憂的是印度現(xiàn)在擁有最龐大的年輕人口，但有一天（大約2070年），它將變成世界上老年人口最多的國家。到那時(shí)，印度將不得不將大量的預(yù)算用于養(yǎng)老金和社會(huì)服務(wù)。

@shamakrai3310
The major problem of India is Casteism, Regionalism and Communalism. Many politicians just take the advantage of diversity and vilify one community and make them enemy of their core supporters. They do good work on paper and promote enmity between communities for votes.
Even after 75 years of independence, the people of backward communities are facing inhuman discrimination. They are denied opportunities which are normal to people in Europe. They can't do successful business, can't become influencers and when government give them opportunities then the privileged communities (out of jealousy) protest against it. [Casteism]
There was movement in Maharashtra where anti-bihari and anti-Tamil forced led them exit Mumbai because of Bal Thakry. [Regionalism]
After the BJP party came to power, many Hindus are becoming radicals criminals who are identifying and killing poor Musli... (sometimes rich). Many Musli... have been victims of mob lynching where the criminals are not just roaming free but are also rewarded.
Definitely, when educated people criticise these activities, they are termed as Urban Naxals, Anti-National, Pakistani, Chinese etc. So nobody dares to question government when they sell tribal lands and make them landless, or wasting money on Statue of Unity and Central Vista.
So I don't think so we can invest in our education and healthcare. Also, american funded terrorism also have done much damage to our infrastructure development processes.

印度的主要問題是種姓制度、地方主義和社群主義。許多政客利用多樣性，詆毀某一社群，使其成為核心支持者的敵人。他們在紙面上做得很好，卻為了選票煽動(dòng)社群之間的敵意。
即使在獨(dú)立75年后，落后社群的人們?nèi)匀幻媾R非人道的歧視，他們被剝奪了在歐洲人看來再正常不過的機(jī)會(huì)。他們無法成功創(chuàng)業(yè)，無法成為有影響力的人，而當(dāng)政府為他們提供機(jī)會(huì)時(shí)，特權(quán)社群（出于嫉妒）會(huì)抗議。
在馬哈拉施特拉邦，曾發(fā)生過反比哈爾和反泰米爾運(yùn)動(dòng)，迫使這些人因巴爾·薩克雷而離開孟買。
在印度人民黨上臺(tái)后，許多印度教徒變成了激進(jìn)的罪犯，他們識(shí)別并殺害貧窮的穆斯林（有時(shí)是富人）。許多穆斯林成了暴民私刑的受害者，而這些罪犯不僅逍遙法外，還得到了獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。
當(dāng)然，當(dāng)受過教育的人批評(píng)這些行為時(shí)，他們會(huì)被貼上“城市納薩爾派”、“反國家”、“巴基斯坦人”、“中國人”等標(biāo)簽。因此，當(dāng)政府出售部落土地并使其無地可耕，或浪費(fèi)資金在“團(tuán)結(jié)雕像”和“中央遠(yuǎn)景”項(xiàng)目上時(shí)，沒有人敢質(zhì)疑政府。
因此，我認(rèn)為我們無法投資于教育和醫(yī)療。此外，美國資助的恐怖主義也對我們的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施發(fā)展進(jìn)程造成了巨大的破壞。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://m.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處

@stoicist5657
Good explanation!!
Amazing. But only thing to remember India has that type of circumstances where it could not help but improve its military, which would protect all of its manpower and infrastructure. Speaking of future India may not seem as a good candidate to become the superpower in the near future but would eventually be when all of us are either old or dead. Because all those military power brings you respect from other global powers and small countries which in turn brings opportunity. That is how all the super powers right now became super powers.

很好的解釋！令人驚嘆。但需要記住的是印度所處的環(huán)境迫使它不得不加強(qiáng)軍事力量，以保護(hù)其所有勞動(dòng)力和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。談到未來，印度在短期內(nèi)可能不會(huì)成為超級(jí)大國的有力競爭者，但最終會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)，盡管那時(shí)我們可能都已老去或離世。因?yàn)檐娛铝α繒?huì)為你贏得其他全球大國和小國的尊重，從而帶來機(jī)會(huì)。這就是當(dāng)今所有超級(jí)大國成為超級(jí)大國的途徑。

@pker3293
this needs to be seen by every indian, we get too low quality of education and ive seen reflection of that throughout my life, wether it be sub par teachers or useless degrees, it will all affect the future if government doesnt take it seriously now.
liked so that more people can see and understand this very important problem.

每個(gè)印度人都需要看到這一點(diǎn)，我們的教育質(zhì)量太低，我一生中都能看到這種反映，無論是低水平的教師還是無用的學(xué)位，如果政府現(xiàn)在不認(rèn)真對待，這一切都會(huì)影響未來。點(diǎn)贊以便更多人看到并理解這個(gè)非常重要的問題。