韓國人如何看待出生率危機？
How Koreans Feel About Birth Rate Crisis | Street Interview
譯文簡介
如果我是男人，我也會想要孩子，但既然我不是，而且我是那個必須生孩子、懷孕、冒著健康風險、可能還有職業(yè)生涯風險的人，我不想要。
其實這并不復雜。
這里甚至沒有談到錢、家務和育兒。
正文翻譯
如果我是男人，我也會想要孩子，但既然我不是，而且我是那個必須生孩子、懷孕、冒著健康風險、可能還有職業(yè)生涯風險的人，我不想要。
其實這并不復雜。
這里甚至沒有談到錢、家務和育兒。
其實這并不復雜。
這里甚至沒有談到錢、家務和育兒。
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韓國人如何看待出生率危機？
@kageisuke
Why would Young Koreans, especially women, want to have kids? They grew up in that hyper competitive environment and know how stressful it is to be doing school work 12 hours a day, 18 hours a day, and only getting 5 hours of sleep. And if you're the mother, you can kiss your career goodbye. You get discriminated against openly for being a mother with no promotions, barely any raises, and people pressuring you to quit to be a stay at Home mother. If you work outside the home, you still have a full time job with ALL the domestic duties unless you luck out with a helpful father. And the father never sees their family, having to work crazy hours to make up for the lack of a second income, and that's only if the overtime is even PAID in the first place. It often times isn't. And the after work forced socialization when all you want to do is go home and see your wife and kid is the key to promotions. You have to be a "team player". Korea is suffering from hyper capitalism in a country that expanded super fast from abject poverty after the Korean War to one of relative prosperity in 50 years. Society hasn't kept up, and it's punishing the young and the weak.
為什么年輕的韓國人，尤其是女性，會想要孩子？他們在那種高度競爭的環(huán)境中長大，知道每天學習12小時、18小時，只睡5小時是多么有壓力。如果你是母親，你可以和你的職業(yè)生涯說再見了，因為你會因為成為母親而公開受到歧視，沒有晉升機會，幾乎沒有加薪，人們還逼你辭職成為家庭主婦。如果你在外面工作，你仍然會有一份全職的工作，同時還要承擔所有的家務，除非你幸運地有一個愿意幫忙的父親。而父親幾乎看不到他的家人，因為他不得不瘋狂工作以彌補第二份收入的缺失，而且前提是加班費是會支付的，但很多時候并沒有。下班后被迫社交，而你只想回家看看妻子和孩子，但這是晉升的關鍵，因為你必須是一個“團隊合作者”。韓國正在遭受超級資本主義的折磨，這個國家在朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭后從極度貧困迅速發(fā)展到50年后的相對繁榮，但社會沒有跟上，而且正在懲罰年輕人和弱者。
If I was a man, I'd also like to have children but since I am not and I am the one who has to give birth, be pregnant, risk my health, probably my career, I don't.
It's actually not that complicated.
Not even talking about money, housework and child care here.
如果我是男人，我也會想要孩子，但既然我不是，而且我是那個必須生孩子、懷孕、冒著健康風險、可能還有職業(yè)生涯風險的人，我不想要。
其實這并不復雜。
這里甚至沒有談到錢、家務和育兒。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://m.top-shui.cn 轉載請注明出處
Lolll of course the men in their society want kids. Its so easy to "love" your kids and get married when your wife does all the work. I dont blame the women for not wanting kids if all the burden is put on them.
當然，他們社會中的男人想要孩子。當你的妻子做所有的工作時，“愛”你的孩子和結婚是很容易的。如果所有的負擔都壓在她們身上，我不怪女人不想要孩子。
Raised by Korean parents, I was taught that I was a failure as a human because I was not the best at anything so I have no desire to bring a person into the cruel world that I was brought up in.
在韓國父母的撫養(yǎng)下，我被教導說因為我不是任何方面的佼佼者，所以我是一個失敗的人，因此我沒有欲望把一個生命帶入我成長的那個殘酷的世界。
My parents told me ‘you can enjoy your life when you became an adult, so stop playing and study.’
That’s why I’m enjoying my life instead of having a child or getting married
我父母告訴我，“你成年后就可以享受生活了，所以停止玩耍，學習吧?！?br /> 這就是為什么我現(xiàn)在享受生活，而不是生孩子或結婚。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://m.top-shui.cn 轉載請注明出處
IMO, this is a scene not only in Korea but everywhere in the world. Cost of living is increasing non stop, richer gets richer and middle income earners are squeeze till it's difficult to breath. So it's no surprise that many younger generations opt to take care of their own first instead of thinking to start a family.
在我看來，這不僅是韓國的現(xiàn)象，也是世界各地的現(xiàn)象。生活成本不斷上升，富人越來越富，中等收入者被擠壓到難以呼吸。因此，許多年輕一代選擇先照顧自己而不是考慮組建家庭，這并不奇怪。
if i could be a father, heck, i'd want five kids! but as a mother, being expected to give up everything i've worked for and become a ?? housewife or worse, having to care for the kids as a default parent AND working ??, i could never imagine that. The gender divide in korea is insane and it's growing worse with men not wanting to admit that the current system is disadvantageous towards women at best and oppressive at worst. Women are the future, they control the birthrate when human rights are ensured. It'd do a lot of societies good to treat them better, and it's have good effects for everyone, regardless of gender.
如果我能成為父親，天哪，我想要五個孩子！但作為母親，我被期望放棄我為之奮斗的一切，成為家庭主婦，或者更糟，作為默認的父母照顧孩子并工作，我無法想象。韓國的性別分歧是瘋狂的，而且隨著男性不愿承認當前制度對女性最不利，甚至是最壓迫的，情況越來越糟。女性是未來，當人權得到保障時，她們控制著出生率。更好地對待她們會對許多社會有益，對每個人都有好處，無論性別。
After living in a few different countries I noticed that men and women act the same: men say they want kids one day and it's a really vague idea with no proper plan of action while women think practically on how to get there and how that will affect them financially and mentally and start preparing earlier. In my opinion this is why a lot of women are set on not having kids, because they thought through it properly for a while. Men just surf life saying they want to have kids (1, 2, 3, 4....) and hope that women will deal with the hard work and logistics.
在幾個不同的國家生活后，我注意到男性和女性的行為是一樣的：男性說他們有一天想要孩子，這是一個非常模糊的想法，沒有適當?shù)男袆佑媱?，而女性則會實際考慮如何實現(xiàn)這一點，以及這將對她們的經(jīng)濟和心理產生什么影響并提前開始準備。在我看來，這就是為什么許多女性決定不生孩子的原因，因為她們已經(jīng)仔細考慮了一段時間。男性只是隨波逐流地說他們想要孩子（1、2、3、4……），并希望女性會處理艱苦的工作和后勤。
Wow, it was astounding to watch this interview and feel so represented by the words of women that live in the opposite side of the world (I'm from Italy). I felt like there were no barriers, no cultural differences that could prevent me in really understand what they were saying.
I love and support them all.
哇，看這個采訪真是令人驚訝，我感到自己完全被生活在世界另一端的女性的話所代表（我來自意大利）。我感覺沒有任何障礙，沒有任何文化差異能阻止我真正理解她們在說什么。
我愛并支持她們所有人。
I am a Taiwanese woman. Taiwan’s birth rate is competing with SK’s to be lowest in the world. I personally think it stems from a few issue.
Housing: when we are finally more stable in our career (28 or above), we often need to choose between putting down or deposit for a house or having a kid. Most people will choose a house since raising a kid without housing security is terrifying
Social structure: many East Asian country has this insane idea that woman needs to give up their job when they have kids. Many companies also use insane tactic to force pregnant women to quit. If today women got divorced by their husband after having the kid, they will have little financial prospect for the future since single mom’s employability goes down. Not to mention in this economy, one working parent is often not enough. The amount of financial burden that’s put on man from the society also creates isolation between man and their families. It is very unhealthy for either side.
Future prospect: if you talk to young people, you will often hear how pessimistic about our own future. As GenZ I grew up during a global recession and graduated college in a pandemic. Between AI and climate change’s affect catching the developed world, I do not know how to prepare for the next generation.
我是一名臺灣（地區(qū)）女性。臺灣（地區(qū)）的出生率能夠與韓國競爭成為世界上最低的，我個人認為這源于幾個問題。
住房：當我們最終在職業(yè)生涯中更加穩(wěn)定（28歲或以上）時，我們經(jīng)常需要在支付房屋首付或生孩子之間做出選擇。大多數(shù)人會選擇房子，因為沒有住房保障撫養(yǎng)孩子是可怕的。
社會結構：許多東亞國家有這種瘋狂的想法，認為女性在生孩子時需要放棄工作。許多公司還使用瘋狂的手段迫使懷孕的女性辭職。如果今天女性在生孩子后被丈夫離婚，她們未來的經(jīng)濟前景將非常有限，因為單身母親的就業(yè)能力下降。更不用說在這種經(jīng)濟環(huán)境下，父母只有一方工作往往是不夠的。社會對男性施加的經(jīng)濟負擔也造成了男性與家庭之間的隔離，這對任何一方都非常不健康。
未來前景：如果你與年輕人交談，你會經(jīng)常聽到他們對我們的未來有多么悲觀。作為Z世代，我在全球經(jīng)濟衰退中長大，并在大流行期間大學畢業(yè)。在人工智能和氣候變化影響發(fā)達國家之時，我不知道如何為下一代做準備。
What the guy said , seeing our parents work to the bone to not enjoy much in life makes people not want to give life just to endure what we had already endured which was seeing our parents suffer and suffering with them .
正如那個人所說，看到我們的父母拼命工作卻無法享受生活，讓人們不想僅僅為了忍受我們已經(jīng)忍受的東西而給予生命，即看到我們的父母受苦并與他們一起受苦。
This all stems from rising income inequality. My grandparents had 6 kids, and lived pretty well in the suburbs. All off his salary from drafting maps. My parents both worked blue collar jobs, and just got by raising 2 kids. Now, I can't really afford any children.
這一切都源于收入不平等的加劇。我的祖父母有6個孩子，并在郊區(qū)生活得很好，所有這些都是靠他繪制地圖的薪水。我的父母都從事藍領工作，勉強撫養(yǎng)了2個孩子?，F(xiàn)在，我真的負擔不起任何孩子。
So, the gender pay gap is extreme in Korea and women get treated like garbage ones they are married and have kids. Men treat them like crap as well and once they have kids, they can’t have a life of their own anymore. Costs of living are increasing exponentially. But why oh why don’t Korean women want to have kids? It remains a mystery.
韓國的性別薪酬差距非常嚴重，女性在結婚生子后被視為垃圾，男性也把她們當作垃圾對待。一旦她們有了孩子，她們就不能再有屬于自己的生活了，因為生活成本會呈指數(shù)級增長。但為什么，為什么韓國女性不想要孩子？這仍然是一個謎。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://m.top-shui.cn 轉載請注明出處
Many women in South Korea choose not to have children due to societal expectations and gender roles. Single living is often considered a temporary phase, and women who have babies alone are not always judged kindly. Some women find it difficult to find a dateable man who will share household chores and childcare responsibilities equally.
許多韓國女性選擇不生孩子是因為社會期望和性別角色。單身生活通常被認為是一個暫時的階段，獨自生孩子的女性并不總是受到善意的評判。一些女性發(fā)現(xiàn)很難找到一個愿意平等分擔家務和育兒責任的可約會的男性。
13:46 I feel bad for her. She really wants to have kids but can't because of other factors. The fact that she watches programs about raising kids and programs that have kids, knowing that she'll probably never get to experience that is just heartbreaking.
I really hope she gets to have a kid soon. She looks like she'd be an amazing mother
13:46 我為她感到難過。她真的很想要孩子，但因為其他因素而不能。她看關于撫養(yǎng)孩子的節(jié)目和有孩子的節(jié)目，知道她可能永遠無法體驗到這一點，這真是令人心碎。
我真的希望她很快能有一個孩子，因為她看起來會是一個了不起的母親。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://m.top-shui.cn 轉載請注明出處
in the past, women were forced to get married and have kids. i have yet to meet and old lady who had no education, no choice but to be married and not resent her past. old ladies are bitter . now having an education, being able to read an academic paper, being able to think for yourslef and make educated choices and then have kids is a great blessing. but tat was not the case in the past.
在過去，女性被迫結婚生子。我還沒有遇到一個沒有受過教育、別無選擇只能結婚并且不怨恨她的過去的老太太。她們很痛苦?，F(xiàn)在，受過教育，能夠閱讀學術論文，能夠為自己思考并做出有教育意義的選擇，然后生孩子，這是一種巨大的祝福。但過去并非如此。
It's a trend in all developed countries. Korea is just the most extreme case but many many countries are well below the 2.1 fertility rate needed to just maintain current population.
這是所有發(fā)達國家的趨勢，韓國只是最極端的例子，許多國家的生育率遠低于維持當前人口所需的2.1。
Excellent answers from every interviewee. The guy with the ponytail seemed to be especially thoughtful. As for me and my wife in Korea, she was eager to have kids when we first started dating. But these days as a married couple we have both agreed it's better to just enjoy each other's company without a child - stress free and able to save for our retirement rather than spending hundreds of millions of won raising a kid into a society with so little joy to offer them.
每位受訪者的回答都非常出色。那個扎馬尾的男人似乎特別深思熟慮。我和我的妻子在韓國，她剛開始約會時非?？释泻⒆?。但如今，作為一對已婚夫婦，我們都同意不要孩子，只是享受彼此的陪伴更好——沒有壓力，能夠為退休儲蓄，而不是花費數(shù)億韓元撫養(yǎng)一個孩子進入一個幾乎沒有快樂的社會。
I mean in my pov as a female in this 21st century , my parents invest a lot in my education to help me get myself better opportunities in my future career , and the country i come from doesnt completely support the idea of woman working ( ecsp if the woman is to get married its always expected of her to give up her dreams and career for the sake of someone she just met ) ,no w tell me why i must go through 12 years of school ,4 years of undergraduate ( and if we add post graduate degree ) 2 more years of education , and waste 18 years of my parents salary if i have to give it up for the sake of someone ?? Who would want that ? I wouldnt i would want a good career for myself and would want to support my family with my money too
我的意思是作為21世紀的女性，我的父母在我的教育上投入了很多以幫助我在未來的職業(yè)生涯中獲得更好的機會，而我來自的國家并不完全支持女性工作的想法（特別是如果女性要結婚，社會總是期望她為了一個剛認識的人放棄她的夢想和職業(yè)生涯），現(xiàn)在告訴我，為什么我必須經(jīng)歷12年的學校教育，4年的本科（如果我們加上研究生學位）再加2年的教育，再為了某人而放棄這一切并浪費我父母18年的薪水？？誰會想要那樣？我不會，我想要一份好的職業(yè)并想用我的錢支持我的家庭。
I'm European, I'll be 30 next week and I don't want kids. From what I've noticed, this problem is global and isn't confined to Korea. None of my friends are planning on having children either. Most have decided so because of the money issues. Raising a child is expensive, but some also just don't want to be reduced to just being a mother or a father. We've all worked hard for our careers and dreams and it's really hard letting that go just to have children. I honestly don't see a single positive thing in having children myself. I would only ever consider it if my partner really wanted them.
我是歐洲人，下周就30歲了，我不想要孩子。根據(jù)我的觀察，這個問題是全球性的，不僅限于韓國。我的朋友們也沒有要孩子的計劃。大多數(shù)人因為錢的問題而決定不要孩子。撫養(yǎng)孩子很貴，但有些人也不想僅僅被降級為母親或父親。我們都為我們的職業(yè)和夢想努力工作，僅僅為了有孩子而放棄這些真的很難。老實說我自己看不到任何有孩子的積極因素。只有在我的伴侶真的想要孩子時，我才會考慮。
Not only South Korea facing this problem also my country that I come from - Poland. People can't afford to own house the cost of living is too high. If you want a family both of parents has to work unless your spouse makes more than the average person make. As a single person I make the minimum wage where 70% of it goes to pay my rent. It's crazy!!!!
不僅是韓國面臨這個問題，我來自的國家——波蘭也是如此。人們買不起房子，生活成本太高了。如果你想要一個家庭，父母雙方都必須工作，除非你的配偶賺得比普通人多。作為一個單身人士，我賺的是最低工資，其中70%用于支付房租。這太瘋狂了?。。?！
I'm not Korean, but as a Chinese, I feel the same sentiment-- having my own issues to deal with, having my doubts in raising them, and realistically more difficult if that were a viable option with how many of us are financially struggling!
我不是韓國人，但作為中國人，我有同樣的感受——我有自己的問題要處理，對撫養(yǎng)孩子有疑慮，而且如果這是一個可行的選擇，考慮到我們中有多少人在經(jīng)濟上掙扎，這實際上會更加困難！
my own personal problem though, is as an Asian American with an immigrant parent, I'm still having to find myself uncomfortable, but necessary in having to speak up for myself in telling my mother constantly that I really don't want to have children in the future. I'm not discouraging others; it's just not for me.
我個人的問題是作為一個有移民父母的亞裔美國人，我仍然發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不得不感到不舒服，但有必要為自己發(fā)聲并不斷告訴我的母親我真的不想要孩子。我不是在勸阻別人，這只是不適合我。
Men can just run away without paying child support, no burden for men at all. It happens alot in Asia. To sue men like that, women need many money to pay lawyer, but usually she doesn't have. So men get no consequences.
男人可以逃跑而不支付子女撫養(yǎng)費，對男人來說完全沒有負擔，這在亞洲經(jīng)常發(fā)生。要起訴這樣的男人，女性需要很多錢來支付律師費用，但通常她沒有，所以男人沒有任何后果。
What scares me is that one parent is not enough to support a kid. With half of the marriages ending in divorce I can't bring myself to plan a child knowing that as a mother I'll have to carry a weight of raising them. Aliments can do only so much when you have to pay for rent and childcare and food. I'm sorry but having a child today is luxury I can't afford.
讓我感到害怕的是單親不足以撫養(yǎng)一個孩子。由于一半的婚姻以離婚告終，我無法讓自己計劃要孩子，因為我知道作為母親，我將承擔撫養(yǎng)孩子的重擔。當你必須支付房租、育兒費和食物費用時，贍養(yǎng)費只能起到有限的作用。很抱歉，如今生孩子對我來說是一種無法負擔的奢侈品。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://m.top-shui.cn 轉載請注明出處
One interesting nuance is that almost nobody wants, or thinks it's practically feasible, to have more than 2 kids. You see this a lot in other countries too. Realistically, to maintain a birth rate above 2.1 requires quite a lot of people to have 3-4, because there's always going to be some people who, for various reasons, have no kids at all.
This is a kinda obvious fact about averages on the face of it, but I think in a lot of countries having large families increasingly seems not just difficult to manage, but intrinsically undesirable/irresponsible.
一個有趣的細節(jié)是幾乎沒有人想要或認為生超過2個孩子是實際可行的，在其他國家也經(jīng)常看到這種情況。實際上，要維持高于2.1的出生率，需要相當多的人生3-4個孩子，因為總有一些人由于各種原因根本不生孩子。
這表面上是一個關于平均數(shù)的顯而易見的事實，但我認為在許多國家，擁有大家庭不僅越來越難以管理，而且在本質上似乎是不受歡迎或不負責任的。
In the 1970s, the Korean government advertised that only animals have multiple children, and that Koreans were now civilized, so they should have only one or two. People really internalized that. Young people don’t even know what happened to their society…. Now people are supposed to change.
在20世紀70年代，韓國政府宣傳說只有動物才會生多個孩子，而韓國人現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)文明了，所以他們應該只生一兩個，人們真的內化了這一點。年輕人甚至不知道他們的社會發(fā)生了什么……現(xiàn)在人們應該改變了。
Koreans think how to raise kids properly before giving birth. They are responsible enough to understand that if they can provide good life to their kids only then they will bring them on earth. I wish Indians think in this way. Irrespective of social status or income, being poor or middle class or rich, once a boy or girl grows to a marriageable age, they are getting married, some of them may not have stable income too. After marriage societal pressure is there to give birth. Irrespective of how much India develops in science & technology, there is no change in this thought.
韓國人在生孩子之前會考慮如何正確撫養(yǎng)孩子。他們有足夠的責任感去理解，只有當他們能為孩子提供良好的生活時，才會把孩子帶到這個世界上。我希望印度人也能這樣想。無論社會地位或收入如何，無論是窮人、中產階級還是富人，一旦男孩或女孩到了適婚年齡，他們就會結婚，其中一些人可能也沒有穩(wěn)定的收入。婚后社會壓力迫使他們生孩子。無論印度在科學技術上發(fā)展了多少，這種思想都沒有改變。
I also think social media has show young Koreans that life doesn't have to be one way or you're doomed. Even though I'm past my reproductive years, I have found in the last 20 years that I have learned so much through coming across different contents here on YouTube. My mind has been expanded and I see a much broader world then ever before.
我也認為社交媒體向年輕的韓國人展示了生活不必只有一種方式，否則你就會完蛋。盡管我已經(jīng)過了生育年齡，但在過去的20年里，我通過YouTube上的不同內容學到了很多東西。我的思維得到了擴展，我看到了一個比以前更廣闊的世界。
Another key part is how most of the men focus on the economic hardships of having children while the women focus on wasting their life away raising a child. This is so important because it defines the roles of the parents. A baby is 50% the father's responsibility and 50% the mother's responsibility, but society still forces it to be 10% the father's and 190% the mother's. It's not fair for women to go through the burden of pregnancy and labor and then also have to raise a child on their own without any support from their husbands/partners.
另一個關鍵部分是大多數(shù)男性關注的是生孩子的經(jīng)濟困難，而女性則關注的是在撫養(yǎng)孩子中浪費生命。這一點非常重要，因為它定義了父母的角色。一個孩子是父親50%的責任和母親50%的責任，但社會仍然將其強加為父親10%的責任和母親190%的責任。女性會經(jīng)歷懷孕和分娩的負擔，然后還不得不在沒有丈夫/伴侶支持的情況下獨自撫養(yǎng)孩子，這是不公平的。