11 種“廉價(jià)食品”如何成為奢侈食品
How 11 'Cheap Eats' Became Luxury Foods | Business Insider Marathon
譯文簡(jiǎn)介
19 世紀(jì)，在新英格蘭龍蝦賣得比罐裝豆子還便宜。結(jié)果現(xiàn)在一磅龍蝦要賣到 50 美元，是價(jià)格最高的海鮮之一。看看世界各地的 11 種食物是怎么從廉價(jià)食品變成高價(jià)寶藏的
正文翻譯
幾種從曾經(jīng)被認(rèn)為廉價(jià)，到如今變得昂貴的食物，其實(shí)這些食物的價(jià)格上漲并非因?yàn)槠浔旧淼钠焚|(zhì)或稀有性，而是由于市場(chǎng)需求、文化因素以及食物的社會(huì)象征意義發(fā)生了變化。在過(guò)去，像龍蝦、牛尾這樣的食物曾被視為貧民食物。以龍蝦為例，19世紀(jì)新英格蘭的龍蝦價(jià)格甚至比罐裝豆子還便宜。然而，隨著人們對(duì)于這些食物的需求增加，加之捕撈和生產(chǎn)的難度提升，龍蝦的價(jià)格逐漸飆升，成為了如今的奢侈海鮮。牛尾的情況也是如此，在許多文化中牛尾曾是貧困人群的主食，但隨著烹飪技巧的進(jìn)步和食物文化的傳播，牛尾逐漸成為高級(jí)料理，價(jià)格隨之上漲。鵝肝的制作過(guò)程曾因強(qiáng)制喂食而飽受爭(zhēng)議，但一些生產(chǎn)者采取了更為人道的方式，使得這些產(chǎn)品更為珍貴，價(jià)格自然水漲船高。海膽則因其稀有性和獨(dú)特風(fēng)味，成為了許多高級(jí)餐廳菜單上的常客。
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Here's my guesses without watching the video - Lobster, Acai, Goji Berry, Urchin, Caviar, Kale, and last but not least... Mmm Wagyu.
沒(méi)看視頻先盲猜：龍蝦、阿薩伊（巴西莓）、枸杞、海膽、魚(yú)子醬、羽衣甘藍(lán)，當(dāng)然還有和牛。
I remember when my Mom used to make ox tail in the late 50's she used to make ox tail soup.
記得50年代末我媽常做牛尾湯，那時(shí)候牛尾還便宜得很。
Us macacu do bazil catch all the asai
我們巴西的猴子們把阿薩伊（巴西莓）全摘光啦。
Sea urch was ABSOLUTELY DISGUSTING. AS EXPENSIVE as it was I threw it in the trash. It has a "Doo doo" taste to it. Id rather eat durian fruit
海膽實(shí)在太惡心了！花那么多錢買的，結(jié)果直接扔進(jìn)垃圾桶。那味道簡(jiǎn)直像粑粑，我寧愿去吃榴蓮。
You can actually get most of the food on here for way cheaper if you get it local direct from the people who catch it...the prices displayed on here are the tourist trap prices only rich dumbasses are stupid enough to pay.
其實(shí)只要直接找當(dāng)?shù)夭稉频娜速I，這里大部分食材都能便宜很多，視頻里標(biāo)的價(jià)格都是坑游客的，只有人傻錢多的冤大頭才會(huì)買單。
Is lobster so expensive because of its rarity or because of the difficult catching process?
龍蝦價(jià)格高是因?yàn)橄∮?，還是捕撈難度大？
"Split-top buns" are called hot-dog buns in the rest of the world. LOL.
全世界都叫熱狗面包，到你們這兒非要叫"分切式面包卷"，笑死。
Americas are paying about 3 times as much for Lobster as Canadians. Lobster from the same waters as the Gulf of Maine. No sure why. Must be your great free market and all your freedom you keep talking about.
美國(guó)佬買龍蝦的價(jià)格是加拿大的三倍，明明都從緬因?yàn)惩Ｓ驌频模磥?lái)你們吹噓的自由市場(chǎng)和自由精神挺費(fèi)錢啊。
Too much processing, too much policy.
政策干預(yù)太多，加工環(huán)節(jié)太復(fù)雜。
They still trash foods. Just because someone tells you shit taste like sugar youre going to eat it shit
就算別人說(shuō)屎是甜的，你們還真會(huì)去吃？這些所謂美食根本是炒作出來(lái)的垃圾。
it's hilarious how people become so stupid, it's a law of supply and demand, cannot control it like weather or any natural phenomenon. if a lot of people wants to buy it and not enough supply for everyone, you have to pay higher price to get one. can't just say give me one to same price while the other willing to pay at higher one.
有些人連基本經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)都不懂，供求關(guān)系就像天氣一樣無(wú)法操控。當(dāng)供不應(yīng)求時(shí)，價(jià)高者得才是市場(chǎng)規(guī)律，哪能強(qiáng)求低價(jià)購(gòu)買？
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I’m surprised he doesn’t feed those black cows malt liquor like a 40 of OE
居然沒(méi)給黑牛喂麥芽酒，比如40盎司裝的Olde English，這操作不夠朋克啊。
I don’t know if black ppl realize this, but literally 8-9/10 white ppl think an “Oxtail” is from some different animal called an “Ox” that isn’t just fking beef lol. Deadass serious
黑人兄弟們知道嗎？其實(shí)十有八九的白人真以為牛尾是來(lái)自某種叫"OX"的神秘生物，而不是普通牛肉。認(rèn)真的。
Why the hell aren’t they enforcing the soft shell being thrown back? It would encourage fishermen to get only hard shell and based on all of this information, it shouldn’t (just bc things SHOULD happen, people in politics get in the way) make the price jump
為什么不嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行軟殼龍蝦必須放歸？這樣漁民就會(huì)專注捕撈硬殼龍蝦，按道理價(jià)格不該瘋漲，但政客們總會(huì)搞砸事情。
The barbecue part for me is just murican bullshit, nothing beat the glorious south american churrasco/assado
德州燒烤就是美國(guó)佬的自嗨，根本比不上南美烤肉的王者地位。
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Acai berries 20 cent a pound
But you do know it cost a whole lost to ship it to the US.
Processing and stores cost money too
Wages in the US is also high
So what do you expect.
阿薩伊果產(chǎn)地才20美分一磅，但運(yùn)到美國(guó)要多少運(yùn)費(fèi)？加工倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)要錢，人工成本又高，價(jià)格能不高嗎？
the foie gras footage isnt what the bulk that u have been served. Nice way of not protecting the image of foie gras i guess.
The bulk that u r being served now are those force fed factories. The scene may not be for everyone.
視頻里的鵝肝制作畫(huà)面太美化了吧？市面上大部分都是強(qiáng)制填喂的工廠貨，這種場(chǎng)景可不適合所有人觀看。
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the moment you freeze lobster you might as well just eat imitation. what a waste. King Crab is best anyway. Even my buddies in Maine don't eat lobster.
冷凍過(guò)的龍蝦還不如吃仿制螃蟹肉呢，真浪費(fèi)！帝王蟹才是王道，我緬因州的朋友都不吃本地龍蝦。
Since copper river king didn’t make the list, I assume it’s always been a luxury food then? Let alone wild salmon in general?
銅河帝王鮭沒(méi)上榜，說(shuō)明它一直是高端貨？更別說(shuō)其他野生三文魚(yú)了？
The lobsters are so cute I lowkey feel bad
龍蝦太可愛(ài)了，莫名有種負(fù)罪感。
$48 for oxtail ravioli. Are you crazy?
牛尾意式餃子賣48刀？瘋了吧！
He uses a super bright LED light to "hypnotize" the geese which makes it easy to catch them. Never explained how they are actually killed.
用強(qiáng)光LED燈"催眠"鵝群方便捕捉，卻絕口不提宰殺過(guò)程
I grew up eating kale in a household on a budget.
Now kale is the latest food fad, from smoothies to chips.
我家以前窮才吃羽衣甘藍(lán)，現(xiàn)在倒成健康食品網(wǎng)紅了，什么奶昔薯片都用它做。
50 bucks for one pound of New England lobster, obviously u never lived there , I can go to stonington Connecticut and get a 1 pound lobster for 5 bucks so STFU and get ur info right … stop lieing
新英格蘭龍蝦一磅50刀？明顯沒(méi)在當(dāng)?shù)刈∵^(guò)！我去康州Stonington買一磅才5刀，閉嘴吧別造謠了。
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The Best Oxtails is sold at Methodist Hospital in Houston, TX. In 2014 in cost for the whole meal less than $8. I haven't been able to go back but I'm afraid to see what the cost is now.
休斯頓衛(wèi)理公會(huì)醫(yī)院賣的牛尾全餐曾是性價(jià)比之王，2014年不到8刀?，F(xiàn)在都不敢回去看價(jià)格了。
what's the texas bbq part doing in here, it felt so out of place
德州燒烤這段和主題有啥關(guān)系？格格不入的。
Sucks my child hood food is now high end food
童年廉價(jià)食物變成高端料理，真讓人不爽。
Garlic was considered poor people vegetables until a scientist found out it's healthy for you
大蒜以前是窮人才吃的蔬菜，直到科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了它的營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值。
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Learned a great story when I first moved to Maine about a prison revolt in local prisons that resulted in a rule that inmates could only be fed lobster 2 times/week max. It was the cheapest protein around and they were all sick of it.
剛搬來(lái)緬因州就聽(tīng)說(shuō)個(gè)趣聞：以前監(jiān)獄暴動(dòng)后規(guī)定每周最多給犯人吃兩次龍蝦，因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)龍蝦是最便宜的蛋白質(zhì)，犯人們都吃吐了。
I just don't understand the economics of tuna. Can someone explain how it can profitable for a restaurant to pay upwards of $5000.00 per pound of tuna? How much does the restaurant make on a pound of tuna?
金槍魚(yú)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)真難懂！餐廳花5000刀買一磅魚(yú)，到底能賺多少？這生意怎么做？
Oxtail has been expensive for years. My mom was born in Michigan, and my dad was born in Montana. Both families raised cattle, and butchered 3 to 5 calves per year.
牛尾貴了好多年了，我父母家族都養(yǎng)牛，每年宰3-5頭小牛，可我現(xiàn)在買牛尾比買西冷牛排還貴一倍。
In some sense, same reason why country food is now called soul food. Meanwhile, actual soul food which was served around the dust bowl and depression era look nothing like what you see today and has an entirely different premise than the indulgence.
就像鄉(xiāng)間食物被包裝成了"靈魂食物"，其實(shí)大蕭條時(shí)期真正的“靈魂食物”（稀少昂貴的食物）和現(xiàn)在餐館賣的奢華版本根本不是一回事。
The 'complete protein' thing is not true. There is no such thing as 'complete proteins'. It's a carnist pseudoscience. Quinoa is healthy but not much more than beans, lentils, etc., and one can be vegan perfectly well without it.
"完全蛋白質(zhì)"是偽科學(xué)概念，藜麥并不比豆類更營(yíng)養(yǎng)，素食者不吃它照樣活得健康。
Asians eat oxtail too (Chinese & Vietnamese), though it's more of a sorta exotic food, like chicken feet. I don't eat oxtail nor chicken feet, but my sibling does.
亞洲人也吃牛尾?。ū热缰袊?guó)和越南的料理），就像雞爪那樣根本不過(guò)算獵奇食材。雖然我自己不吃，但我兄弟姐妹好這口。
30:00 the audacity of people like him. eastern europeans have also been cooking this for millennia as a delicacy but noooo it belongs to jamaicans ....jeeez
30分00秒：這人真敢說(shuō)！東歐人幾千年前就把牛尾當(dāng)美味了，到他嘴里倒成牙買加專屬了？
Man, without watching I can’t already name sone: lobster, avocado, foie gras, with a touch of caviar and truffle.
不用看都能猜中：龍蝦、牛油果、鵝肝，再加上魚(yú)子醬和松露之類的。
I like the fact they respect the local laws about seafood. Here in my country, you give a KG each to the inspecting team, they are happy to let you fish for anything...
他們遵守當(dāng)?shù)睾ｕr法規(guī)這點(diǎn)挺好。要是在我們國(guó)家，給檢查隊(duì)每人送一公斤海鮮，他們就會(huì)睜只眼閉只眼讓你隨便捕撈...
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Most of these are morally abominable.
這些食物大多存在嚴(yán)重的道德倫理問(wèn)題。
Well they cheap eats because people try to keep it that way by saying no one will want it it you not sell cheap. But now with tech and alot of people already taste it and info fly around they cannot contain their true value anymore. Like peole decry something so only they will use it.
這些食物原本廉價(jià)，是因?yàn)槿藗兺ㄟ^(guò)宣稱"沒(méi)人會(huì)想要這種食物"來(lái)壓低價(jià)格。但現(xiàn)在隨著科技發(fā)展，越來(lái)越多人嘗過(guò)它們，再加上信息傳播，它們的真實(shí)價(jià)值再也藏不住了，就像有些人故意貶低某樣?xùn)|西，其實(shí)只是為了自己能獨(dú)占享用。
These animal practices are scary…
這些對(duì)待動(dòng)物的方式太可怕了...
Damn sea urchin, and oyster if i want i can eat it daily and it's free. You people need to be little smarter don't fall for advertisement.
見(jiàn)鬼的海膽，還有生蠔這么貴——只要我想吃隨時(shí)都能免費(fèi)搞到，你們應(yīng)該放聰明點(diǎn)，別被商家營(yíng)銷套路了。
Belly pork has gone up ridiculously thanks to Jamie bloody Oliver and the others. It was my family's staple in the 70/80's where I live, London, that didn't cost a fortune. Now, it's a treat. And I never thought I would see potato skins or chicken wings on a menu, now the latter is cheap as chips. Chips about ￡1.90 a portion in a local cafe breaks my heart.
五花肉價(jià)格被杰米·奧利佛這幫人炒得離譜。70-80年代在倫敦，這是我們家的日常廉價(jià)食材，現(xiàn)在卻成了奢侈品，誰(shuí)能想到土豆皮和雞翅會(huì)出現(xiàn)在餐廳菜單上？不過(guò)現(xiàn)在雞翅倒是便宜得跟薯?xiàng)l似的。但看到本地咖啡館的薯?xiàng)l賣到1.9英鎊一份，我還是心碎。
If you want your KELP beds back, then you need to start pulling all the "unmarketable"/zombie urchins you can, so the kelp forests (and potentially re-introduced otters) have a chance to recover.
Otters, as warm-blooded creatures, cannot out-wait zombie urchins; but humans can just cull the whole lot, investing 15 cents on the dollar to pull every urchin in the current kelp-deserts, allowing for a recovery of the entire ecosystem (after which, your fisheries)
想要恢復(fù)海藻床生態(tài)系統(tǒng)？那就得盡可能清理掉所有"無(wú)經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值"的僵尸海膽。這樣海藻林（以及未來(lái)可能重新引入的海獺）才有機(jī)會(huì)復(fù)原。作為恒溫動(dòng)物，海獺不可能耗得過(guò)僵尸海膽，但人類可以大規(guī)模清理，只需每投入1美元中的15美分就能清空當(dāng)前海藻荒漠里的所有海膽，從而讓整個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)（連帶漁業(yè)資源）逐步恢復(fù)。
All it should take to convince the world to move away from Chinese caviar is to take chain-of-custody water samples from the water sources that feed into the Chinese aquafarms, then allow the purveyors to independently test for heavy-metals, forever chemicals, etc...
For extra-emphasis, do a side-by-side with the non-industrialized regions in Africa and the Americas that are doing the same work, with MUCH cleaner water...
要讓全球市場(chǎng)放棄中國(guó)魚(yú)子醬其實(shí)很簡(jiǎn)單：只需從中國(guó)水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)的水源處采集全程可追溯的水樣，再讓采購(gòu)商自行檢測(cè)重金屬、永久性化學(xué)物質(zhì)等指標(biāo)。為加強(qiáng)說(shuō)服力，還可以把非洲和美洲非工業(yè)化產(chǎn)區(qū)的同類產(chǎn)品做橫向?qū)Ρ取吘鼓切┑貐^(qū)的水源質(zhì)量可要干凈得多。
Gods damn... just stop it with the plantations, folks (/companies, the true perpetrators of this anti-human agenda)
天殺的...搞什么鬼種植園啊各位（指反人類議程的真正推手的那些公司）
My heart breaks seeing those poor geese being kept and treated that way. It's enough to make me want to stop eating meat altogether. When I stop to think about it - I have no idea how any animal I consume is kept during its lifetime...
看著這些鵝在工業(yè)化養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)里遭受如此對(duì)待，真是讓人心碎。這甚至讓我產(chǎn)生了徹底戒掉肉食的沖動(dòng)。仔細(xì)想想，我根本不知道盤(pán)中餐的動(dòng)物們生前經(jīng)歷了怎樣的飼養(yǎng)環(huán)境...
glug-glug-glug. Two mouthfuls of beer for me, one to spray on the cow.
That argument would never have worked on my parents!
噸噸噸——啤酒自己先喝兩口，第三口噴給牛。這種歪理在我爸媽那兒絕對(duì)行不通！
Sigh. Now some toad will find a way to exploit and mess up quinoa.
唉，現(xiàn)在又要有癩蛤蟆來(lái)打藜麥的主意，把這東西也搞砸了。
He never said how he kills the geese. Im not buying the hypo gig.
他壓根沒(méi)提宰鵝的具體方法，這種假惺惺的營(yíng)銷說(shuō)辭我才不信。
MAYBE people are getting smarter, and figuring out that lobster is a low quality form of seafood. I wouldn't eat lobster, of someone paid me. Along with all the other shell fish, and bottom feeders.
或許人們終于變聰明了，意識(shí)到龍蝦其實(shí)是低端海產(chǎn)，就算倒貼錢我也不吃這玩意，其他帶殼海鮮和食腐魚(yú)類同理。
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So sad to see how the geese are treated in industrial plants :(
看著工業(yè)化養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)里鵝的遭遇真讓人難過(guò)
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://m.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處
The man who farms foie gras has my respect. I spent over 20 years not eating meat, and when I did again I started looking toward more ethical consumption. I like his approach and wish it was a more prent mindset.
這位鵝肝養(yǎng)殖者贏得了我的尊敬。我戒肉二十多年后重新開(kāi)葷時(shí)，就開(kāi)始追求更道德的消費(fèi)方式，他的養(yǎng)殖理念值得推崇，真希望這種思維方式能更普及。
Not showing the lobster stunner is a dead giveaway that they are hiding something and probably do not care about the killing process.
故意不展示龍蝦擊暈器就是明顯不過(guò)的跡象——他們不僅有所隱瞞，很可能壓根不關(guān)心宰殺過(guò)程是否人道。
Before the Western people came Japan, the locals never ate Beef and considered beef as foods for the poor. At that time, only sashimi and other seafoods, white rice were delicate dishes for the rich. When the Netherlands and the Portugese come ,they realized the Waguy variety in Kobe city was crazily delicious, then their price skyrocketed until now.
在西方人抵達(dá)日本前，當(dāng)?shù)厝瞬怀耘Ｈ馇乙暺錇楦F人食物。那時(shí)只有刺身等海鮮與白米算得上富人佳，。直到荷蘭和葡萄牙人發(fā)現(xiàn)神戶地區(qū)的和牛品種異常美味，其價(jià)格才一路飆升至今。
This reminds me a little of what happened with beef shanks. Dishes like osso-buco put prices up like mad.
這讓我想起牛腱肉的經(jīng)歷。像紅酒燉牛膝這類菜肴直接讓價(jià)格瘋漲。
They forgot chicken wings. I remember when at the butcher shop they would give them to you. Someone started making Buffalo wings and just like that its one of the most expensive parts of the chicken.
他們漏了雞翅，以前在肉店買肉，老板都會(huì)免費(fèi)送雞翅。自從有人發(fā)明了辣翅，轉(zhuǎn)眼間它就成了雞身上最貴的部位之一。
This is why Mass immigration and Diversity is bad. All the food prices go up. America should be america. Italy should be italy. Africa africa and so on. Not everyone all mixed together. Whats the point of traveling anymore when every culture is within a few hundred miles and they are all hybrids of what once was.
這就是大規(guī)模移民和多元化的弊端，所有食品價(jià)格都在上漲。美國(guó)就該保持美國(guó)特色，意大利保持意大利特色，非洲保持非洲特色。大家不該混居在一起。當(dāng)所有文化都混雜在幾百英里范圍內(nèi)，變成曾經(jīng)的雜交版本，旅行的意義又何在？
Rich people and instagram/tiktok have ruined and inflated some of these prices like oxtail. People see a viral spot go viral and sure, the restaurant gets increased sales but so does the demand for oxtail ro whatever other food is shown on their.
有錢人和社交媒體毀掉了牛尾這類食材的價(jià)格。某個(gè)網(wǎng)紅店突然爆火之后，餐館生意是變好了但牛尾或者其他被展示出來(lái)的新食材需求也會(huì)暴漲，價(jià)格自然被哄抬上去。
Imagine if you came up with something instead of throwing the Quinoa right in the quartz sand/dirt like a...i dono container? ding dongs.
但凡動(dòng)點(diǎn)腦子，也不至于把藜麥直接倒進(jìn)石英砂里吧？你們處理食材就像在倒垃圾似的，真是蠢得可以。
On the liver in the jars in the heat, are the sealer ring rubber? If so, that would be a huge no-no to people like me with latex allergies.
肝臟在高溫環(huán)境下裝在罐子里，那罐子的密封圈是橡膠材質(zhì)嗎？如果是的話，對(duì)我們這種乳膠過(guò)敏的人簡(jiǎn)直是死亡陷阱。
The common theme with these foods is that they were cheap and tasted good, and overtime they became more expensive as populations decreased and they became special occasion food thus more interesting to those who could afford it more often and example is lobster. or they were expensive from the start but just seen as special occasion food for poorer people ie. The middle class which again as the food became more scarce or seen as more special it gained price like fois grase. There’s a reason the poor people food that tasted bad is forgotten or still considered poor.
這類食物的共同點(diǎn)是：起初既便宜又美味，后來(lái)隨著產(chǎn)量減少逐漸變成高價(jià)貨，因此成了富人才能常吃的"儀式感食品"，典型例子就是龍蝦。另一種情況是原本就昂貴的食物（比如鵝肝醬），最初被中產(chǎn)當(dāng)作儀式感食品，隨著食材變得稀缺或更具象征意義，價(jià)格自然水漲船高。那些既難吃又廉價(jià)的食物要么被歷史遺忘，要么至今仍被視作窮人專屬，這背后自有其道理。
time to eat shiet so we fool the economy
是時(shí)候吃點(diǎn)屎來(lái)戲弄經(jīng)濟(jì)體系了，走起！
I gotta give it up one time for Jamaican people and their cuisine i have no doubt in my mind that this is most deliciously prepared, we love jerk chicken worldwide, salute you jam
我必須鄭重其事地向牙買加人民和他們的美食致敬一次——我百分百確信他們的烹飪手法堪稱極致美味，全球人民都愛(ài)牙買加煙熏烤雞，因此我敢說(shuō)：牙買加兄弟們，向你們致敬！
Because rich folks learned that us poor people can make anything work and they came in and took over. Anytime we find something we like they appropriate it
因?yàn)楦蝗税l(fā)現(xiàn)我們這些窮人能把任何東西都玩轉(zhuǎn)起來(lái)，于是他們立刻涌入并占為己有，每當(dāng)我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了些喜歡的東西，他們就會(huì)立刻沖出來(lái)將其據(jù)為己有。